---
title: Identify the correct method of extinguishing a campfire. — Campfires, cold nights and rivers · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the correct method of extinguishing a campfire. Exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Campfires, cold nights and rivers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the correct method of extinguishing a campfire.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, correct method · **What happens:** identify, extinguish · **To what, where:** correct method, campfire

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e1:1
# text = Identify the correct method of extinguishing a campfire.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	extinguishing	extinguish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	campfire	campfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the correct method |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent method=Theme |
| 2 | **extinguish** | gerund | the correct method *not said here* | a campfire |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent campfire=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Covering it lightly with dry leaves

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e1:o1:1
# text = Covering it lightly with dry leaves
1	Covering	cover	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	lightly	lightly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  | with dry leaves; lightly *property* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Destination with leaf=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leaving it to burn out by itself overnight while all sleep

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e1:o2:1
# text = Leaving it to burn out by itself overnight while all sleep
1	Leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	itself	itself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	4	obl	_	_
8	overnight	overnight	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
9	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
10	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	11	det	_	_
11	sleep	sleep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | gerund |  | it |  |  |  | overnight *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **burn out** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | by itself *= it* | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by itself=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Blowing upon it steadily until all the flames have vanished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e1:o3:1
# text = Blowing upon it steadily until all the flames have vanished
1	Blowing	blow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	_
4	steadily	steadily	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
6	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	flames	flame	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
9	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	vanished	vanish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **blow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | upon it; steadily *property* | vn split-23.2 «NP V apart»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **vanish** | present · perfect | all flames |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drowning, stirring and drowning again until it is cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e1:o4:1
# text = Drowning, stirring and drowning again until it is cold
1	Drowning	drown	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	10	csubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	stirring	stir	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	drowning	drown	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	1	conj	_	_
6	again	again	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	until	until	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drown** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stir** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **drown** | gerund |  |  |  |  | until it; again |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **is** | present | Drowning |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Campfires, cold nights and rivers, test 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/t18/)
- next →: [Campfires, cold nights and rivers, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Campfires, cold nights and rivers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/)