---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fi… — Campfires, cold nights and rivers · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fire ban? Exam question 2 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Exam question 2 · Campfires, cold nights and rivers

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fire ban?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** fire ban

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 231 «Campfires, cold nights and rivers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fire ban?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	ban	ban	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a fire ban |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fires are permitted provided that an adult attends them at all times

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e2:o1:1
# text = Fires are permitted provided that an adult attends them at all times
1	Fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	permitted	permit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	provided	provide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	attends	attend	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	12	det	_	_
12	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | present · passive |  | Fires |  |  |  |  | vn ensure-99 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **attend** | present | a adult | Fires *= fire* |  |  | time |  | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Goal |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No fire whatsoever is to be lit, as a spark may start a wildfire

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e2:o2:1
# text = No fire whatsoever is to be lit, as a spark may start a wildfire
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	7	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	lit	lit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	spark	spark	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	start	start	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	wildfire	wildfire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lit** | present · passive | no fire *not said here* | whatsoever |  |  |  | as a spark | tree rules |
| 2 | **start** | may | no fire | a wildfire |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wildfire=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fires are permitted near water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e2:o3:1
# text = Fires are permitted near water
1	Fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	permitted	permit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	near	near	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | present · passive |  | Fires |  | water |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme near water=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Small fires are permitted during the hours of daylight

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:231-campfires-and-rivers:e2:o4:1
# text = Small fires are permitted during the hours of daylight
1	Small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	fires	fire	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	permitted	permit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hours	hour	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	daylight	daylight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | present · passive |  | Small fires |  |  | hour |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Campfires, cold nights and rivers, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/e1/)
- next →: [Campfires, cold nights and rivers, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Campfires, cold nights and rivers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/231-campfires-and-rivers/)