---
title: A boy in Minnesota jumps straight into a very cold lake and gasps, s… — Safe at lakes and beaches · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in Minnesota jumps straight into a very cold lake and gasps, swallowing water. What lesson should he learn? Test 2 · ★★ of lesson 232 «Safe at lakes and beaches» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's 
---

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# Test 2 · ★★ · Safe at lakes and beaches

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in Minnesota jumps straight into a very cold lake and gasps, swallowing water. What lesson should he learn?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy, lesson · **What happens:** jump, gasp, swallow, learn · **To what, where:** cold lake, swallowing water

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 2 · ★★ of lesson 232 «Safe at lakes and beaches» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/232-lakes-and-beaches/#t2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy in Minnesota jumps straight into a very cold lake and gasps, swallowing water.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:1
# text = A boy in Minnesota jumps straight into a very cold lake and gasps, swallowing water.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Minnesota	Minnesota	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	jumps	jump	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	straight	straight	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	very	very	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	gasps	gasp	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	swallowing	swallow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | present | a boy in Minnesota |  |  |  |  | into a cold lake *result* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into lake=Result |
| 2 | **gasp** | present | a boy in Minnesota *not said here* | swallowing water |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent water=Topic |
| 3 | **swallow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What lesson should he learn?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:2
# text = What lesson should he learn?
1	What	what	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	2	det	_	_
2	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | should | what lesson |  |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He should have jumped in head first

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:o1:1
# text = He should have jumped in head first
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	conj	_	_
4	jumped	jump	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | should | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **jump** | past | He |  |  | head |  | first *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in head=Trajectory |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Get into cold water slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:o2:1
# text = Get into cold water slowly
1	Get	get	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | cold water |  | slowly *property* | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme into water=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gasping means he is swimming well

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:o3:1
# text = Gasping means he is swimming well
1	Gasping	gasping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	ccomp	_	_
6	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Gasping |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **swim** | present · progressive | Gasping |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cold water is only dangerous in winter

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:232-lakes-and-beaches:t2:o4:1
# text = Cold water is only dangerous in winter
1	Cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Cold water |  |  |  | winter | dangerous *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Safe at lakes and beaches, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/232-lakes-and-beaches/t1/)
- next →: [Safe at lakes and beaches, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/232-lakes-and-beaches/t3/)
- ↑ back to [Safe at lakes and beaches](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/232-lakes-and-beaches/)