---
title: apparently a boy put a stone in a snowball and knocked out his mate'… — Snow, ice and strong sun · tree and pragmatics
description: apparently a boy put a stone in a snowball and knocked out his mate's tooth. what's the true lesson? Test 18 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was ri
---

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# Test 18 · ★★ · Snow, ice and strong sun

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
apparently a boy put a stone in a snowball and knocked out his mate's tooth. what's the true lesson?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** put, knock out, be · **To what, where:** stone, snowball, tooth, true lesson

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 18 · ★★ of lesson 234 «Snow, ice and strong sun» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/234-snow-ice-and-sun/#t18).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun:t18:1
# text = apparently a boy put a stone in a snowball and knocked out his mate's tooth. what's the true lesson?
1	apparently	apparently	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	stone	stone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	snowball	snowball	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	knocked	knock	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
12	out	out	ADP	RP	_	11	compound:prt	_	_
13	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	's	PART	POS	_	14	case	_	_
16	tooth	tooth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
18	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	22	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | past | a boy | a stone |  | a snowball |  | apparently *property* | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent stone=Theme in snowball=Destination |
| 2 | **knock out** | past | a boy *not said here* | boy's mate's tooth |  |  |  |  | vn split-23.2 «NP V NP apart»: agent=Agent tooth=Patient |
| 3 | **is a** | present |  | the true lesson |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stones make snowballs fly straighter, so they're better for aiming

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun:t18:o1:1
# text = Stones make snowballs fly straighter, so they're better for aiming
1	Stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	snowballs	snowball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	straighter	straight	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	're	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
10	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	parataxis	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	aiming	aiming	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Stones | snowballs |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | infinitive | snowballs *not said here* |  |  |  |  | straight *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | Stones *= stone* |  |  |  |  | for aiming; good *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Throw only soft snowballs, never with stones or ice

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun:t18:o2:1
# text = Throw only soft snowballs, never with stones or ice
1	Throw	throw	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
3	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	snowballs	snowball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **throw** | imperative | you *not said here* | soft snowballs |  |  |  | with stones or ice | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent snowball=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Snowballs are safe whatever you put inside

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun:t18:o3:1
# text = Snowballs are safe whatever you put inside
1	Snowballs	snowball	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	6	obj	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	put	put	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Snowballs |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **put** | present | you | whatever |  |  |  | inside *property* | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent whatever=Goal |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Aim only at the head for fun

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:234-snow-ice-and-sun:t18:o4:1
# text = Aim only at the head for fun
1	Aim	aim	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
3	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **aim** | imperative | you *not said here* | the head |  |  |  | for fun | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot head=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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