---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Litter and caring for nature · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the release of balloons outdoors? Exam question 2 of lesson 239 «Litter and caring for nature» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice wa
---

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# Exam question 2 · Litter and caring for nature

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the release of balloons outdoors?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris · **To what, where:** release

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This is exam question 2 of lesson 239 «Litter and caring for nature» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/239-litter-and-caring-for-nature/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:239-litter-and-caring-for-nature:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the release of balloons outdoors?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	release	release	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	balloons	balloon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	_
13	outdoors	outdoors	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the release of balloons |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately, outdoors *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are entirely harmless once they have burst in the air

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:239-litter-and-caring-for-nature:e2:o1:1
# text = They are entirely harmless once they have burst in the air
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	burst	burst	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | entirely, harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **burst** | present · perfect | they |  |  | the air |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in air=Location |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They decay within a single day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:239-litter-and-caring-for-nature:e2:o2:1
# text = They decay within a single day
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	decay	decay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	within	within	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decay** | present | They |  |  |  | day |  | vn entity\_specific\_cos-45.5 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They float away permanently into space

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:239-litter-and-caring-for-nature:e2:o3:1
# text = They float away permanently into space
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	float	float	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	permanently	permanently	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **float away** | present | They |  |  | space |  | away, permanently *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into space=Destination |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They return as litter swallowed by animals or entangling them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:239-litter-and-caring-for-nature:e2:o4:1
# text = They return as litter swallowed by animals or entangling them
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	return	return	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	as	as	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	litter	litter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	swallowed	swallow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl:agent	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	entangling	entangle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	conj	_	_
10	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **return** | present | They |  |  |  |  | as litter | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **swallow** | participle |  | litter *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **entangle** | gerund |  | animals *= animal* |  |  |  |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Litter and caring for nature, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/239-litter-and-caring-for-nature/e1/)
- next →: [Litter and caring for nature, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/239-litter-and-caring-for-nature/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Litter and caring for nature](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/239-litter-and-caring-for-nature/)