---
title: my mate swears he got warts from picking up a toad. probably just a… — The night sky and outdoor myths · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate swears he got warts from picking up a toad. probably just a myth? Test 18 · ★★ of lesson 240 «The night sky and outdoor myths» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 18 · ★★ · The night sky and outdoor myths

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate swears he got warts from picking up a toad. probably just a myth?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** mate · **What happens:** swear, get, pick up · **To what, where:** myth, warts, toad

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 18 · ★★ of lesson 240 «The night sky and outdoor myths» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths/#t18).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths:t18:1
# text = my mate swears he got warts from picking up a toad. probably just a myth?
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	swears	swear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	warts	wart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
7	from	from	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	picking	pick	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	toad	toad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
13	probably	probably	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	just	just	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	myth	myth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swear** | present | my mate | a myth |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **get** | past | mate | warts |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer wart=Stimulus |
| 3 | **pick up** | gerund | mate *not said here* | a toad |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent toad=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, only if you kiss it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths:t18:o1:1
# text = No, only if you kiss it
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	kiss	kiss	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **kiss** | present | you | it |  |  |  |  | vn marry-36.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Co-Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, toads always give warts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths:t18:o2:1
# text = No, toads always give warts
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	5	advmod	_	_
5	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	warts	wart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | toads | warts |  |  |  | always *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wart=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, warts come from a human virus, not toads

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths:t18:o3:1
# text = Yes, warts come from a human virus, not toads
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	warts	wart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	human	human	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	virus	virus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	toads	toad	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | warts |  |  | a human virus and toads |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from virus=Initial\_Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No, but only frogs give warts

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths:t18:o4:1
# text = No, but only frogs give warts
1	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	6	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	frogs	frog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	warts	wart	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | frogs | warts |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wart=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [The night sky and outdoor myths, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/240-night-sky-and-outdoor-myths/t17/)
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