---
title: A four-year-old loses at tag and cries. Why should an older child be… — Younger children, losing and practising · tree and pragmatics
description: A four-year-old loses at tag and cries. Why should an older child be patient? Test 7 · ★ of lesson 251 «Younger children, losing and practising» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 7 · ★ · Younger children, losing and practising

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A four-year-old loses at tag and cries. Why should an older child be patient?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** year old, older child · **What happens:** lose, cry, be · **To what, where:** tag

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 7 · ★ of lesson 251 «Younger children, losing and practising» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/251-younger-children-losing-and-practising/#t7).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A four-year-old loses at tag and cries.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:1
# text = A four-year-old loses at tag and cries.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
2	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	nsubj	_	_
7	loses	lose	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	tag	tag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	cries	cry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | present | a year old |  |  | tag |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V PP.eventuality S\_ING»: agent=Agent at tag=Eventuality |
| 2 | **cry** *speech: express* | present | a year old *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Why should an older child be patient?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:2
# text = Why should an older child be patient?
1	Why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	5	amod	_	_
5	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
7	patient	patient	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | should | a older child |  |  |  |  | patient *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Little children are still learning to lose

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:o1:1
# text = Little children are still learning to lose
1	Little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	still	still	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | Little children |  |  |  | still |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **lose** | to-infinitive | Little children *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She will never play again

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:o2:1
# text = She will never play again
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	play	play	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **play** | future | She |  |  |  | again |  | vn performance-26.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is all the older child's fault for winning

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:o3:1
# text = It is all the older child's fault for winning
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	8	det:predet	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	fault	fault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	winning	win	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the older child's fault |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **win** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Crying always means that she cheated

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:251-younger-children-losing-and-practising:t7:o4:1
# text = Crying always means that she cheated
1	Crying	cry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	csubj	_	_
2	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	1	advmod	_	_
3	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	cheated	cheat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cry** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present | Crying |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **cheat** | past | she |  |  |  |  |  | vn cheat-10.6.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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