---
title: Ascertain the reason for which a small child is held on the side awa… — Walking on the pavement and crossing r… · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain the reason for which a small child is held on the side away from the traffic. Exam question 4 of lesson 266 «Walking on the pavement and crossing roads» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choic
---

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# Exam question 4 · Walking on the pavement and crossing roads

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain the reason for which a small child is held on the side away from the traffic.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, hold · **To what, where:** reason, small child, side

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 266 «Walking on the pavement and crossing roads» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/266-walking-and-crossing-roads/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads:e4:1
# text = Ascertain the reason for which a small child is held on the side away from the traffic.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl:relcl	_	_
11	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
14	away	away	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* | the reason |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reason=Topic |
| 2 | **hold** | present · passive |  | a small child |  | the side |  | for the reason; away *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme on side=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Small children walk more slowly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads:e4:o1:1
# text = Small children walk more slowly
1	Small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	walk	walk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | present | Small children |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It keeps the child out of the puddles that collect along the kerb

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads:e4:o2:1
# text = It keeps the child out of the puddles that collect along the kerb
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	out	out	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	puddles	puddle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	collect	collect	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	along	along	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	kerb	kerb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | It | the child |  | the puddles |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent child=Theme out puddle=Location |
| 2 | **collect** | present | the puddles |  |  |  |  | along the kerb | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Small children may dart into the road

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads:e4:o3:1
# text = Small children may dart into the road
1	Small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	dart	dart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **dart** | may | Small children |  |  | the road |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme into road=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is required only at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:266-walking-and-crossing-roads:e4:o4:1
# text = It is required only at night
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	only	only	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | night |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Walking on the pavement and crossing r…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/266-walking-and-crossing-roads/e3/)
- next →: [Traffic lights, crossings and road signs, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/267-traffic-lights-and-signs/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Walking on the pavement and crossing roads](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/266-walking-and-crossing-roads/)