---
title: A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the c… — Crash forces, school buses and public… · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door. What should he have done? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 269 «Crash forces, school buses and public buses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Crash forces, school buses and public buses

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door. What should he have done?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** step off, catch, do · **To what, where:** bus, long scarf, closing door

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 269 «Crash forces, school buses and public buses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/269-school-buses-and-public-buses/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:1
# text = A boy steps off the bus, and his long scarf is still caught in the closing door.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	steps	step	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	off	off	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
13	still	still	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	closing	closing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **step off** | present | a boy | the bus |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location bus=Theme |
| 2 | **catch** | present · passive |  | boy's long scarf |  | the closing door | still |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What should he have done?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:2
# text = What should he have done?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	5	obj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux	_	_
5	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | should · perfect | boy |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jumped off faster

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:o1:1
# text = Jumped off faster
1	Jumped	jump	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	faster	fast	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	1	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump off** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kept his scarf tucked in so it could not catch

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:o2:1
# text = Kept his scarf tucked in so it could not catch
1	Kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	tucked	tuck	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	xcomp	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
8	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	catch	catch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past |  | his scarf |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **tuck in** | participle | his scarf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **not** **catch** | could | scarf |  |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pulled the scarf after the bus moved

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:o3:1
# text = Pulled the scarf after the bus moved
1	Pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bus	bus	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	1	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | past |  | the scarf |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scarf=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | past | the bus |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Held on to the door with both hands so it could not close on him

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:269-school-buses-and-public-buses:t4:o4:1
# text = Held on to the door with both hands so it could not close on him
1	Held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
8	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
13	close	close	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold on** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to the door with both hands | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **close** | could | door |  |  |  |  | on him *= he* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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