---
title: Identify the principal reason for which a seat belt is to remain fas… — Airports and planes · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which a seat belt is to remain fastened whenever a passenger is seated aboard an aircraft. Exam question 2 of lesson 271 «Airports and planes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option
---

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# Exam question 2 · Airports and planes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which a seat belt is to remain fastened whenever a passenger is seated aboard an aircraft.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, seat belt · **What happens:** identify, be, fasten, seat · **To what, where:** principal reason, passenger

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 271 «Airports and planes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/271-airports-and-planes/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:271-airports-and-planes:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which a seat belt is to remain fastened whenever a passenger is seated aboard an aircraft.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	obl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
12	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	acl:relcl	_	_
13	fastened	fasten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	xcomp	_	_
14	whenever	whenever	SCONJ	WRB	_	18	mark	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	passenger	passenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	advcl	_	_
19	aboard	aboard	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	aircraft	aircraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | a seat belt | the principal reason *not said here* |  |  |  | for the principal reason; remain *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **fasten** | participle | a seat belt *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **seat** | present · passive |  | a passenger |  |  |  | aboard a aircraft | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The belt is required solely during take-off and landing

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:271-airports-and-planes:e2:o1:1
# text = The belt is required solely during take-off and landing
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	during	during	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	take	take	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	off	off	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	landing	landing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | the belt |  |  | during take off and landing | solely *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The belt maintains the pressure within the passenger's ears

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:271-airports-and-planes:e2:o2:1
# text = The belt maintains the pressure within the passenger's ears
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	maintains	maintain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pressure	pressure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	passenger	passenger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	ears	ear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **maintain** | present | the belt | the pressure |  |  |  | within the passenger's ears | vn declare-29.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent pressure=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cabin crew are thereby enabled to count the passengers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:271-airports-and-planes:e2:o3:1
# text = Cabin crew are thereby enabled to count the passengers
1	Cabin	cabin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	crew	crew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	thereby	thereby	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	enabled	enable	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	count	count	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	passengers	passenger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **enable** | present · passive |  | Cabin crew |  |  |  | thereby *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **count** | to-infinitive |  | the passengers |  |  |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent passenger=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turbulence may arise suddenly and without prior warning

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:271-airports-and-planes:e2:o4:1
# text = Turbulence may arise suddenly and without prior warning
1	Turbulence	turbulence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	arise	arise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
6	without	without	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	prior	prior	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **arise** | may | Turbulence |  |  |  |  | without prior warning; suddenly *property* | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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