---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Railway crossings, maps and addresses · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct required at a level crossing when the warning lights flash and the barriers descend? Exam question 1 of lesson 275 «Railway crossings, maps and addresses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Railway crossings, maps and addresses

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct required at a level crossing when the warning lights flash and the barriers descend?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** warning lights, barriers · **What happens:** follow, characteris, require, flash, descend · **To what, where:** conduct, level crossing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 275 «Railway crossings, maps and addresses» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the conduct required at a level crossing when the warning lights flash and the barriers descend?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	20	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
18	warning	warning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	compound	_	_
19	lights	light	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
20	flash	flash	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
23	barriers	barrier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	nsubj	_	_
24	descend	descend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the conduct |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **require** | participle |  | the conduct *not said here* |  | a level crossing |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **flash** | present | the warning lights |  |  |  |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **descend** | present | the barriers |  |  |  |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Persons shall cross rapidly before the barriers close fully

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses:e1:o1:1
# text = Persons shall cross rapidly before the barriers close fully
1	Persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	rapidly	rapidly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	barriers	barrier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	close	close	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	fully	fully	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | shall | Persons |  |  |  |  | rapidly *property* | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **close** | present | the barriers |  |  |  |  | fully *property* | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All persons shall stop and wait, since a train is approaching

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses:e1:o2:1
# text = All persons shall stop and wait, since a train is approaching
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | shall | all persons |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **wait** | infinitive | all persons *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **approach** | present · progressive | a train |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Persons may pass beneath the barriers if no train is visible

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses:e1:o3:1
# text = Persons may pass beneath the barriers if no train is visible
1	Persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	pass	pass	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	barriers	barrier	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
7	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
11	visible	visible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass** | may | Persons |  |  | the barriers |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme beneath barrier=Location |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | no train |  |  |  |  | visible *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pedestrians may proceed whereas vehicles shall stop

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses:e1:o4:1
# text = Pedestrians may proceed whereas vehicles shall stop
1	Pedestrians	pedestrian	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	proceed	proceed	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	vehicles	vehicle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
6	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **proceed** | may | Pedestrians |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **stop** | shall | vehicles |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Railway crossings, maps and addresses, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/275-railway-crossings-maps-and-addresses/t19/)
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