---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Covering up, false alarms and playing… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between loyalty and the concealment of a friend's wrongdoing? Exam question 1 of lesson 277 «Covering up, false alarms and playing fair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and prag
---

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# Exam question 1 · Covering up, false alarms and playing fair

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between loyalty and the concealment of a friend's wrongdoing?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, conceal · **To what, where:** relationship, wrongdoing

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 277 «Covering up, false alarms and playing fair» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between loyalty and the concealment of a friend's wrongdoing?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	's	's	PART	POS	_	18	case	_	_
20	wrongdoing	wrongdoing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the relationship and the concealment of a friend's wrongdoing |  |  |  | of the following statements; between loyalty; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **conceal** |  |  | a friend's wrongdoing |  |  |  |  | nom concealment «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Loyalty does not require lying, and concealment may let harm continue

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play:e1:o1:1
# text = Loyalty does not require lying, and concealment may let harm continue
1	Loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	require	require	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	lying	lie	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
9	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	continue	continue	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **require** | present · do-support | Loyalty |  |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Theme clause=Precondition |
| 2 | **lie** | gerund | Loyalty *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **let** | may | concealment | harm |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **continue** | infinitive | harm *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Concealment is acceptable provided no adult enquires

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play:e1:o2:1
# text = Concealment is acceptable provided no adult enquires
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	provided	provide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	enquires	enquire	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **provide** | present · passive |  | Concealment |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **enquire** *speech: other* | present | no adult |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Loyalty obliges one to conceal any wrongdoing of a friend

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play:e1:o3:1
# text = Loyalty obliges one to conceal any wrongdoing of a friend
1	Loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	obliges	oblige	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	conceal	conceal	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	wrongdoing	wrongdoing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **oblige** | present | Loyalty | one |  |  |  |  | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Patient |
| 2 | **conceal** | to-infinitive | Loyalty *not said here* | any wrongdoing of a friend |  |  |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wrongdoing=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Concealment protects the friend from all consequences

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play:e1:o4:1
# text = Concealment protects the friend from all consequences
1	Concealment	concealment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	consequences	consequence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | Concealment |  | the friend |  |  | from all consequences | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent friend=Beneficiary from consequence=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Covering up, false alarms and playing…, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/t19/)
- next →: [Covering up, false alarms and playing…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Covering up, false alarms and playing fair](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/277-covering-up-false-alarms-and-fair-play/)