---
title: A shampoo says «4 out of 5 people prefer it» but only five people we… — Advert tricks and offers that are too… · tree and pragmatics
description: A shampoo says «4 out of 5 people prefer it» but only five people were asked. Which is TRUE? Test 3 · ★★ of lesson 281 «Advert tricks and offers that are too good to be true» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; 
---

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# Test 3 · ★★ · Advert tricks and offers that are too good to be true

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A shampoo says «4 out of 5 people prefer it» but only five people were asked. Which is TRUE?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** shampoo, 5 people · **What happens:** say, prefer, ask, be · **To what, where:** shampoo, five people · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is test 3 · ★★ of lesson 281 «Advert tricks and offers that are too good to be true» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers/#t3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A shampoo says «4 out of 5 people prefer it» but only five people were asked.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:1
# text = A shampoo says «4 out of 5 people prefer it» but only five people were asked.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shampoo	shampoo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	4	4	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
6	out	out	ADP	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	prefer	prefer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	10	punct	_	_
13	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	only	only	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
15	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	16	nummod	_	_
16	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	nsubj:pass	_	_
17	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	asked	ask	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a shampoo |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **prefer** *in a quote* | present | 5 people | shampoo |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer it=Stimulus |
| 3 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past · passive |  | five people |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Which is TRUE?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:2
# text = Which is TRUE?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	TRUE	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
All surveys ask millions of people

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:o1:1
# text = All surveys ask millions of people
1	All	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	surveys	survey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ask	ask	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	millions	million	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* | present | all surveys | millions of people |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent million=Recipient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Small surveys are the most accurate

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:o2:1
# text = Small surveys are the most accurate
1	Small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	surveys	survey	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	6	advmod	_	_
6	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Small surveys |  |  |  |  | accurate *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Five people is too small a group to prove much

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:o3:1
# text = Five people is too small a group to prove much
1	Five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	too	too	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	prove	prove	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	advcl	_	_
10	much	much	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Five people |  |  |  |  | a group *obl:unmarked*; small *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **prove** | to-infinitive | Five people *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn declare-29.4-1-1 «NP V what S\_INF»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Four out of five is always a strong fact, however many people asked

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers:t3:o4:1
# text = Four out of five is always a strong fact, however many people asked
1	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nsubj	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	1	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
6	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	9	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
11	however	however	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	nsubj	_	_
14	asked	ask	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Four out five | a strong fact |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | past | many people |  |  |  |  |  | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Advert tricks and offers that are too good to be true](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/281-advert-tricks-and-too-good-offers/)