---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a re… — Chain messages, lures and scam messages · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request for payment by means of gift cards? Exam question 1 of lesson 282 «Chain messages, lures and scam messages» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each o
---

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# Exam question 1 · Chain messages, lures and scam messages

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request for payment by means of gift cards?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, mean · **To what, where:** request

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 282 «Chain messages, lures and scam messages» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request for payment by means of gift cards?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	by	by	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a request |  |  |  | of the following statements; for payment; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of gift cards | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the safest and most trusted method of paying a stranger online

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages:e1:o1:1
# text = It is the safest and most trusted method of paying a stranger online
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	safest	safe	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	trusted	trust	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	stranger	stranger	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	online	online	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **trust** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **pay** | gerund | trusted method *not said here* | a stranger |  |  |  | online *property* | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stranger=Asset |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Genuine businesses never request it, since gift cards cannot be traced or refunded

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages:e1:o2:1
# text = Genuine businesses never request it, since gift cards cannot be traced or refunded
1	Genuine	genuine	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	businesses	business	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	request	request	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
8	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	13	advmod	_	_
12	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	traced	trace	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	parataxis	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	refunded	refund	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **request** | present | Genuine businesses | it |  |  |  |  | vn beg-58.2 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent it=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **trace** | can · passive |  | gift cards |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **refund** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is the customary method of paying official fines

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages:e1:o3:1
# text = It is the customary method of paying official fines
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	customary	customary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	fines	fine	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | the customary method |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | gerund | the customary method *not said here* | official fines |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fine=Asset |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is required by law for online purchases

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages:e1:o4:1
# text = It is required by law for online purchases
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	online	online	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	purchases	purchase	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive | online purchases | It |  |  |  | by law | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Precondition |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Chain messages, lures and scam messages, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages/t19/)
- next →: [Chain messages, lures and scam messages, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/282-chain-messages-lures-and-scam-messages/e2/)
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