---
title: my mate said turtles are clean cos they live in water so u don't nee… — Wild birds, bats and germs from animals · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate said turtles are clean cos they live in water so u don't need to wash ur hands Test 18 · ★ of lesson 29 «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was rig
---

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# Test 18 · ★ · Wild birds, bats and germs from animals

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate said turtles are clean cos they live in water so u don't need to wash ur hands

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mate, turtles, u · **What happens:** say, be, live, not need, wash · **To what, where:** water, hands · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 18 · ★ of lesson 29 «Wild birds, bats and germs from animals» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/29-germs-from-animals/#t18).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:29-germs-from-animals:t18:1
# text = my mate said turtles are clean cos they live in water so u don't need to wash ur hands
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	clean	clean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	_
7	cos	cos	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	live	live	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	advcl	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
13	u	you	PRON	PRP	Abbr=Yes|Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
14	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	16	advmod	_	_
16	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	ccomp	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	wash	wash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	ur	your	PRON	PRP$	Abbr=Yes|Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
20	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | my mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | turtles |  |  |  |  | clean *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **live** | present | turtles *= turtle* |  |  | water |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in water=Location |
| 4 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | u |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 5 | **wash** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | u *not said here* | ur's hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, unless the turtle is ill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:29-germs-from-animals:t18:o1:1
# text = He is right, unless the turtle is ill
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
5	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	turtle	turtle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the turtle |  |  |  |  | ill *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, only furry pets carry germs

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:29-germs-from-animals:t18:o2:1
# text = He is right, only furry pets carry germs
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	furry	furry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	pets	pet	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
9	germs	germ	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | present | furry pets | germs |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent germ=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, water keeps them germ-free

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:29-germs-from-animals:t18:o3:1
# text = He is right, water keeps them germ-free
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	keeps	keep	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	germ	germ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **keep** | present | water | them *= they* |  |  |  | free *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent they=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Wrong; turtles often carry salmonella, so wash your hands after touching them

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:29-germs-from-animals:t18:o4:1
# text = Wrong; turtles often carry salmonella, so wash your hands after touching them
1	Wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	1	punct	_	_
3	turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	carry	carry	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	salmonella	salmonella	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	wash	wash	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	touching	touch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
14	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | Wrong turtles | salmonella |  |  |  | often *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent salmonella=Theme |
| 2 | **wash** | infinitive | Wrong turtles *not said here* | your hands |  |  |  |  | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |
| 3 | **touch** | gerund | Wrong turtles *not said here* | hands *= hand* |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme they=Co-Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Wild birds, bats and germs from animals, test 17](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/29-germs-from-animals/t17/)
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