---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the appropriate time at which to commence eating at a shared table? Exam question 1 of lesson 296 «Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree a
---

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# Exam question 1 · Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the appropriate time at which to commence eating at a shared table?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, commence, eat, share · **To what, where:** shared table

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 296 «Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the appropriate time at which to commence eating at a shared table?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	15	obl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	commence	commence	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	acl:relcl	_	_
16	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	15	xcomp	_	_
17	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	shared	share	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	20	amod	_	_
20	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  | time | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **commence** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  | at the appropriate time |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **eat** | gerund |  |  |  | a shared table |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **share** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When one has finished one's drink

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e1:o1:1
# text = When one has finished one's drink
1	When	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	4	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	finished	finish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	's	PART	POS	_	5	case	_	_
7	drink	drink	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **finish** | present · perfect | one | one's drink |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality drink=Eventuality |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Once one's own plate has cooled

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e1:o2:1
# text = Once one's own plate has cooled
1	Once	once	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
2	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
7	cooled	cool	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cool** | present · perfect · passive |  | one's own plate |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
When all are seated and served, unless the host invites one to begin

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e1:o3:1
# text = When all are seated and served, unless the host invites one to begin
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	4	mark	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	seated	seat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	advcl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	host	host	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	invites	invite	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	11	obj	_	_
13	to	to	PART	TO	_	14	mark	_	_
14	begin	begin	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **seat** | present · passive |  | all |  |  |  |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: subject=Value |
| 2 | **serve** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **invite** | present | the host | one |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Recipient |
| 4 | **begin** | to-infinitive | the host *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Immediately upon one's own plate being served, so the food stays warm

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e1:o4:1
# text = Immediately upon one's own plate being served, so the food stays warm
1	Immediately	immediately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	's	's	PART	POS	_	3	case	_	_
5	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
7	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	served	serve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
13	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	warm	warm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **serve** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  | upon one's own plate; immediately *property* | vn masquerade-29.6-2 «NP V PP.attribute» |
| 2 | **stay** | present | the food |  |  |  |  | warm *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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