---
title: Identify the principal reason for which chopsticks should not be lef… — Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which chopsticks should not be left standing upright in rice. Exam question 2 of lesson 296 «Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of
---

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# Exam question 2 · Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which chopsticks should not be left standing upright in rice.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, chopsticks · **What happens:** identify, not leave, stand · **To what, where:** principal reason, chopsticks, rice

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 296 «Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which chopsticks should not be left standing upright in rice.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obl	_	_
7	chopsticks	chopstick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
12	standing	stand	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	xcomp	_	_
13	upright	upright	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **leave** | should · passive |  | chopsticks |  |  |  | for the principal reason | tree rules |
| 3 | **stand** | gerund | chopsticks *not said here* |  |  | rice |  | upright *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in rice=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It signals that one requires a fork

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e2:o1:1
# text = It signals that one requires a fork
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
4	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fork	fork	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | signals | a fork |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fork=Precondition |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is liable to break or bend the chopsticks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e2:o2:1
# text = It is liable to break or bend the chopsticks
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	liable	liable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	break	break	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	bend	bend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	chopsticks	chopstick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | liable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **break** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **bend** | infinitive |  | the chopsticks |  |  |  |  | vn knead-26.5 «NP V NP.material»: agent=Agent chopstick=Material |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It causes the rice to turn cold

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e2:o3:1
# text = It causes the rice to turn cold
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	rice	rice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	turn	turn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
7	cold	cold	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cause** | present | It | the rice |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition rice=Patient |
| 2 | **turn** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | cold *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In some Asian cultures it resembles a funeral custom

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners:e2:o4:1
# text = In some Asian cultures it resembles a funeral custom
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
3	Asian	Asian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	cultures	culture	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	resembles	resemble	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	funeral	funeral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	custom	custom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **resemble** | present | it | a funeral custom |  | some Asian cultures |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- next →: [Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Greetings, goodbyes, please and thank you, and table manners](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/296-greetings-goodbyes-and-table-manners/)