---
title: my mate says a boy went too near the cliff for a selfie and "the who… — Parks, playgrounds, woods and hiking · tree and pragmatics
description: my mate says a boy went too near the cliff for a selfie and "the whole edge fell into the sea with him". what's the true bit Test 17 · ★ of lesson 299 «Parks, playgrounds, woods and hiking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and o
---

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# Test 17 · ★ · Parks, playgrounds, woods and hiking

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
my mate says a boy went too near the cliff for a selfie and "the whole edge fell into the sea with him". what's the true bit

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** mate, boy, whole edge · **What happens:** say, go, fall, be · **To what, where:** cliff, sea, true bit · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 17 · ★ of lesson 299 «Parks, playgrounds, woods and hiking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking/#t17).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking:t17:1
# text = my mate says a boy went too near the cliff for a selfie and "the whole edge fell into the sea with him". what's the true bit
1	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	too	too	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	near	near	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	selfie	selfie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
15	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
19	fell	fall	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
20	into	into	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
27	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	31	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	31	cop	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
30	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	31	amod	_	_
31	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	ccomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | my mate |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **go** | past | a boy |  |  | the cliff |  | for a selfie | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent near cliff=Location for selfie=Theme |
| 3 | **fall** *in a quote* | past | the whole edge |  |  |  |  | into the sea *result*; with boy | vn become-109.1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient into sea=Result |
| 4 | **is a** | present |  | the true bit |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cliffs never crumble in summer

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking:t17:o1:1
# text = Cliffs never crumble in summer
1	Cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	crumble	crumble	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **crumble** | present | Cliffs |  |  |  | summer |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Selfies are only dangerous at night

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking:t17:o2:1
# text = Selfies are only dangerous at night
1	Selfies	selfy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Selfies |  |  |  | night | dangerous *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cliff edges can crumble, so stay well back behind the fence

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking:t17:o3:1
# text = Cliff edges can crumble, so stay well back behind the fence
1	Cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	edges	edge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	crumble	crumble	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
8	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	9	advmod	_	_
9	back	back	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
10	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **crumble** | can | Cliff edges |  |  |  |  |  | vn break-45.1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **stay** | infinitive | Cliff edges *not said here* |  |  | the fence |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme behind fence=Location |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fences on cliffs are just decoration, the ground is always solid

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:299-parks-playgrounds-woods-and-hiking:t17:o4:1
# text = Fences on cliffs are just decoration, the ground is always solid
1	Fences	fence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	on	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	cliffs	cliff	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	just	just	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	decoration	decoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	solid	solid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Fences on cliffs | decoration |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the ground |  |  |  |  | always, solid *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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