---
title: Whereas a load must be turned through ninety degrees whilst being he… — Lifting and carrying heavy things · tree and pragmatics
description: Whereas a load must be turned through ninety degrees whilst being held, determine the method that best protects the back. Exam question 4 of lesson 3 «Lifting and carrying heavy things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of ea
---

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# Exam question 4 · Lifting and carrying heavy things

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Whereas a load must be turned through ninety degrees whilst being held, determine the method that best protects the back.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** method · **What happens:** turn, hold, determine, protect · **To what, where:** ninety degrees, method, back

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 3 «Lifting and carrying heavy things» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/3-lifting-and-carrying/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:3-lifting-and-carrying:e4:1
# text = Whereas a load must be turned through ninety degrees whilst being held, determine the method that best protects the back.
1	Whereas	whereas	SCONJ	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	ninety	ninety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	degrees	degree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
10	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
14	determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	19	nsubj	_	_
18	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	19	amod	_	_
19	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | must · passive |  |  |  | ninety degrees |  | whereas a load | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: through degree=Trajectory |
| 2 | **hold** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V» |
| 3 | **determine** | infinitive |  | the method |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent method=Topic |
| 4 | **protect** | present | the method | the back |  |  |  |  | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent back=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bending sideways from the waist

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:3-lifting-and-carrying:e4:o1:1
# text = The bending sideways from the waist
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bending	bending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	sideways	sideways	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	waist	waist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The twisting of the back whilst the feet remain still

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:3-lifting-and-carrying:e4:o2:1
# text = The twisting of the back whilst the feet remain still
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	twisting	twisting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	back	back	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	whilst	whilst	SCONJ	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	remain	remain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present | the twisting of the back whilst the feet |  |  |  | still |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **twist** |  |  | the back whilst the feet |  |  |  |  | nom twisting «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The turning of the whole body by means of the feet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:3-lifting-and-carrying:e4:o3:1
# text = The turning of the whole body by means of the feet
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	turning	turning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the turning of the whole body |  |  |  |  | of the feet | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **turn** |  | the whole body |  |  |  |  |  | nom turning «act intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The swinging of the load at arm's length

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:3-lifting-and-carrying:e4:o4:1
# text = The swinging of the load at arm's length
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	swinging	swinging	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** |  | the load |  |  | arm's length |  |  | nom swinging «act intransitive»: of=agent at=place |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Lifting and carrying heavy things, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/3-lifting-and-carrying/e3/)
- next →: [Climbing trees and playgrounds, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/4-climbing/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Lifting and carrying heavy things](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/3-lifting-and-carrying/)