---
title: State the correct manner of crossing a river. — Campfires, rivers, beaches, pools, flo… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the correct manner of crossing a river. Exam question 4 of lesson 300 «Campfires, rivers, beaches, pools, floods and rainbows» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 4 · Campfires, rivers, beaches, pools, floods and rainbows

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the correct manner of crossing a river.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** correct manner · **What happens:** cross · **To what, where:** river

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 300 «Campfires, rivers, beaches, pools, floods and rainbows» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain:e4:1
# text = State the correct manner of crossing a river.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	correct	correct	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	manner	manner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	crossing	cross	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | gerund | the correct manner *not said here* | a river |  |  |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent river=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By wading across where the surface appears calm and shallow

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain:e4:o1:1
# text = By wading across where the surface appears calm and shallow
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	wading	wade	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	7	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	surface	surface	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	appears	appear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	calm	calm	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	shallow	shallow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wade** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | calm *property* | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **appear** | present | the surface |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By a bridge, or with an adult who confirms it is safe

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain:e4:o2:1
# text = By a bridge, or with an adult who confirms it is safe
1	By	by	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
9	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	confirms	confirm	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **confirm** | present | a adult | bridge |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot it=Topic |
| 2 | **is** | present | a bridge |  |  |  |  | safe *property* | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By jumping between wet stones

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain:e4:o3:1
# text = By jumping between wet stones
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	jumping	jump	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	between	between	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	wet	wet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stones	stone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jump** | gerund |  |  |  | wet stones |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme between stone=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
By walking along the bridge railings

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:300-campfires-rivers-pools-and-rain:e4:o4:1
# text = By walking along the bridge railings
1	By	by	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	walking	walk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
3	along	along	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	bridge	bridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	railings	railing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | gerund |  |  |  | the bridge railings |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme along railing=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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