---
title: A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement b… — Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, ai… · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road. Where should the cousin walk? Test 1 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the quest
---

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# Test 1 · ★ · Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road. Where should the cousin walk?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** boy, cousin · **What happens:** mind, walk · **To what, where:** old cousin, pavement

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:1
# text = A boy in Glasgow is minding his four-year-old cousin on a pavement beside a busy road.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Glasgow	Glasgow	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	minding	mind	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
8	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
14	on	on	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	pavement	pavement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
17	beside	beside	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	busy	busy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mind** | present · progressive | a boy in Glasgow | boy's old cousin |  | a pavement |  | beside a busy road | vn caring-75.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cousin=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Where should the cousin walk?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:2
# text = Where should the cousin walk?
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	5	advmod	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | should | the cousin |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Behind him, holding his jacket

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:o1:1
# text = Behind him, holding his jacket
1	Behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | his jacket |  |  |  | behind him *= he* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme behind he=Location |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the inside, holding his hand, away from the traffic

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:o2:1
# text = On the inside, holding his hand, away from the traffic
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	inside	inside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	holding	hold	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	traffic	traffic	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | gerund |  | his hand |  | the inside |  | away *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent hand=Theme on inside=Location |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A few steps ahead on their own

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:o3:1
# text = A few steps ahead on their own
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	few	few	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	ahead	ahead	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
On the outside, next to the kerb, so he can keep an eye on him

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t1:o4:1
# text = On the outside, next to the kerb, so he can keep an eye on him
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	outside	outside	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	next	next	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	kerb	kerb	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	so	so	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	eye	eye	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | can | he | a eye |  | the outside to the kerb |  | on him *= he* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent eye=Theme on outside=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ↑ back to [Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/)