---
title: In a crash, why does a seat belt across the neck cause harm? — Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, ai… · tree and pragmatics
description: In a crash, why does a seat belt across the neck cause harm? Test 4 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 4 · ★ · Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a crash, why does a seat belt across the neck cause harm?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** do · **To what, where:** seat belt, crash

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 · ★ of lesson 310 «Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/#t4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t4:1
# text = In a crash, why does a seat belt across the neck cause harm?
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	crash	crash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
6	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	across	across	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	cause	cause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present |  | a seat belt |  | a crash |  | across the cause harm | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent belt=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The belt must hold the strong bones of the hips and chest, not the soft neck

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t4:o1:1
# text = The belt must hold the strong bones of the hips and chest, not the soft neck
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	hold	hold	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bones	bone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	hips	hip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	chest	chest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | must | the belt | the strong bones of the hips and chest |  |  |  | the soft neck *obl* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bone=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A belt higher up on the neck protects better, because it holds your head still

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t4:o2:1
# text = A belt higher up on the neck protects better, because it holds your head still
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	higher	high	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	amod	_	_
4	up	up	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
8	protects	protect	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
13	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
14	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
16	still	still	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protect** | present | a belt on the neck |  |  |  |  | good *property* | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **hold** | present | belt | your head |  |  | still |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent head=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Seat belts never matter in small crashes

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t4:o3:1
# text = Seat belts never matter in small crashes
1	Seat	seat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	matter	matter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	crashes	crash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **matter** | present | Seat belts |  |  | small crashes |  |  | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It only matters for adults, not for children

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes:t4:o4:1
# text = It only matters for adults, not for children
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	matters	matter	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **matter** | present | It |  |  |  |  | for adults and children | vn matter-91 «NP V»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- next →: [Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, ai…, test 5](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/t5/)
- ↑ back to [Pavements, crossings, cars, trains, airports and bikes](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/310-pavements-crossings-cars-planes-and-bikes/)