---
title: State the hazard posed by fire ant nests. — Rainbows, beach earthquakes, lambs, bl… · tree and pragmatics
description: State the hazard posed by fire ant nests. Exam question 4 of lesson 326 «Rainbows, beach earthquakes, lambs, blackberries, cacti, fire ants and bee stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was r
---

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# Exam question 4 · Rainbows, beach earthquakes, lambs, blackberries, cacti, f…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
State the hazard posed by fire ant nests.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** state, pose · **To what, where:** hazard

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 326 «Rainbows, beach earthquakes, lambs, blackberries, cacti, fire ants and bee stings» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants:e4:1
# text = State the hazard posed by fire ant nests.
1	State	state	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	hazard	hazard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	posed	pose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	ant	ant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	nests	nest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **state** *speech: other* | imperative | you *not said here* | the hazard |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hazard=Topic |
| 2 | **pose** | participle |  | the hazard *not said here* |  |  |  | by ant nests | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire ants only bite plants

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants:e4:o1:1
# text = Fire ants only bite plants
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	bite	bite	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	plants	plant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bite** | present | Fire ants | plants |  |  |  |  | vn swat-18.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent plant=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire ants sting many times, and many stings can make a person ill

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants:e4:o2:1
# text = Fire ants sting many times, and many stings can make a person ill
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	stings	sting	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
10	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	_
11	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	parataxis	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	ill	ill	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | present | Fire ants |  |  |  | time |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **make** | can | many stings | a person |  |  |  | ill *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset person=Product |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire ants sting once and then die

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants:e4:o3:1
# text = Fire ants sting once and then die
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sting	sting	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	3	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	_
7	die	die	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sting** | present | Fire ants |  |  |  |  | once *property* | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **die** | infinitive | Fire ants *not said here* |  |  |  | then |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire ants are harmless to people, being far too small to sting

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants:e4:o4:1
# text = Fire ants are harmless to people, being far too small to sting
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
9	far	far	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	11	advmod	_	_
10	too	too	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	sting	sting	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Fire ants |  |  |  |  | to people; harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund | Fire ants *not said here* |  |  |  |  | far, small *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **sting** | to-infinitive | Fire ants *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ↑ back to [Rainbows, beach earthquakes, lambs, blackberries, cacti, fire ants and bee stings](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/326-rainbows-beach-quakes-lambs-berries-cacti-and-ants/)