---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pran… — Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, h… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pranks that damage property? Exam question 1 of lesson 334 «Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and too-good-to-be-true offers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of 
---

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# Exam question 1 · Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and to…

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pranks that damage property?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** pranks · **What happens:** follow, characteris, damage · **To what, where:** pranks, property

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 334 «Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and too-good-to-be-true offers» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises pranks that damage property?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	pranks	prank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	nsubj	_	_
11	damage	damage	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
12	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | pranks |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **damage** | present | pranks | property |  |  |  |  | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent property=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are permitted if nobody is hurt

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers:e1:o1:1
# text = They are permitted if nobody is hurt
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	permitted	permit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	nobody	nobody	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | present · passive |  | They |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **hurt** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | nobody |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are the responsibility of the owner

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers:e1:o2:1
# text = They are the responsibility of the owner
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	responsibility	responsibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | They | the responsibility |  |  |  | of the owner | tree rules |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Someone must clean or pay for the damage, and they may be a crime

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers:e1:o3:1
# text = Someone must clean or pay for the damage, and they may be a crime
1	Someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	clean	clean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	damage	damage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	nsubj	_	_
12	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
13	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	crime	crime	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clean** | must | Someone |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **pay** | infinitive | Someone *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for the damage | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for damage=Theme |
| 3 | **is a** | may | they | a crime |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They are harmless if done on April Fools' Day, when such jokes are customary

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers:e1:o4:1
# text = They are harmless if done on April Fools' Day, when such jokes are customary
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
5	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	April	April	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Fools	Fool	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	'	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	Day	Day	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
12	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	16	advmod	_	_
13	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	nsubj	_	_
15	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	customary	customary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | They |  |  |  |  | harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle | They *not said here* |  |  |  | on April Fools's Day |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** | present | such jokes | customary |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, h…, test 15](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers/t15/)
- next →: [Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, h…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Harmful pranks, April Fools' tricks, hidden adverts and too-good-to-be-true offers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/334-pranks-april-fools-adverts-and-too-good-offers/)