---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Excuses and the lies that grow · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reporting to a teacher of physical harm inflicted by another pupil? Exam question 3 of lesson 337 «Excuses and the lies that grow» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the quest
---

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# Exam question 3 · Excuses and the lies that grow

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reporting to a teacher of physical harm inflicted by another pupil?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, inflict · **To what, where:** reporting, physical harm

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 337 «Excuses and the lies that grow» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the reporting to a teacher of physical harm inflicted by another pupil?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	reporting	reporting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	to	to	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	inflicted	inflict	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	acl	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	20	det	_	_
20	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the reporting |  |  |  | of the following statements; to a teacher of physical harm; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **inflict** | participle |  | physical harm *not said here* |  |  |  | by another pupil | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It constitutes disloyalty and ought to be avoided

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow:e3:o1:1
# text = It constitutes disloyalty and ought to be avoided
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
5	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
7	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	avoided	avoid	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | It | disloyalty |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme disloyalty=Pivot |
| 2 | **avoid** | ought · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V S\_ING» |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It constitutes a proper request for assistance and not the telling of tales

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow:e3:o2:1
# text = It constitutes a proper request for assistance and not the telling of tales
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	proper	proper	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	telling	telling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	tales	tale	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | It | a proper request |  |  |  | for assistance and the telling of tales | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme request=Pivot |
| 2 | **tell** |  |  | tales |  |  |  |  | nom telling «communication transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is invariably of no assistance to the pupil harmed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow:e3:o3:1
# text = It is invariably of no assistance to the pupil harmed
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	6	det	_	_
6	assistance	assistance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	harmed	harm	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of no assistance; to the pupil; invariably *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **harm** | participle |  | the pupil *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is appropriate solely where an injury requires hospital treatment

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow:e3:o4:1
# text = It is appropriate solely where an injury requires hospital treatment
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	appropriate	appropriate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	solely	solely	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	injury	injury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	hospital	hospital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	treatment	treatment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | appropriate, solely *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **require** | present | a injury | hospital treatment |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme treatment=Precondition |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [Excuses and the lies that grow, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow/e2/)
- next →: [Excuses and the lies that grow, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow/e4/)
- ↑ back to [Excuses and the lies that grow](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/337-excuses-and-the-lies-that-grow/)