---
title: Ascertain why the taking of an article which a parent has expressly… — Borrowing without asking · tree and pragmatics
description: Ascertain why the taking of an article which a parent has expressly refused to purchase constitutes a twofold wrong. Exam question 4 of lesson 339 «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; M
---

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# Exam question 4 · Borrowing without asking

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ascertain why the taking of an article which a parent has expressly refused to purchase constitutes a twofold wrong.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** ascertain, refuse, not purchase, take · **To what, where:** taking, constitutes, article

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 339 «Borrowing without asking» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking:e4:1
# text = Ascertain why the taking of an article which a parent has expressly refused to purchase constitutes a twofold wrong.
1	Ascertain	ascertain	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	why	why	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	taking	taking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	11	obj	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	expressly	expressly	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	refused	refuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	purchase	purchase	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	constitutes	constitute	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obj	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	twofold	twofold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ascertain** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **refuse** | present · perfect · passive |  | the taking of a article |  |  |  | expressly *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **not** **purchase** | to-infinitive |  | constitutes |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **take** |  |  | a article |  |  |  |  | nom taking «act transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is no wrong where the article is inexpensive

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking:e4:o1:1
# text = It is no wrong where the article is inexpensive
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	no	no	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	article	article	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	inexpensive	inexpensive	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the article |  |  |  |  | inexpensive *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is no wrong where the parent subsequently discovers it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking:e4:o2:1
# text = It is no wrong where the parent subsequently discovers it
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	no	no	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	9	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	discovers	discover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | wrong *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **discover** | present | the parent | it |  |  |  | subsequently *property* | vn discover-84-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises merely a single minor discourtesy

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking:e4:o3:1
# text = It comprises merely a single minor discourtesy
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	merely	merely	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	single	single	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	minor	minor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	discourtesy	discourtesy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | a single minor discourtesy |  |  |  | merely *property* | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme discourtesy=Pivot |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It comprises both disobedience to the parent and theft from the shop

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:339-borrowing-without-asking:e4:o4:1
# text = It comprises both disobedience to the parent and theft from the shop
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	comprises	comprise	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	disobedience	disobedience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	parent	parent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	theft	theft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	from	from	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **comprise** | present | It | both disobedience |  | the shop |  | to the parent and theft | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme disobedience=Pivot |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Borrowing without asking, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/e3/)
- next →: [Copying and peeking in tests, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/340-copying-and-peeking-in-tests/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Borrowing without asking](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/339-borrowing-without-asking/)