---
title: Identify the principal effect upon a pupil of laughter directed at h… — Leaving someone out · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal effect upon a pupil of laughter directed at his incorrect answers. Exam question 2 of lesson 347 «Leaving someone out» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/e2/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Leaving someone out](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/) / e2

# Exam question 2 · Leaving someone out

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal effect upon a pupil of laughter directed at his incorrect answers.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, pupil · **What happens:** identify, direct, answer · **To what, where:** principal effect, laughter, incorrect answers

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 347 «Leaving someone out» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:347-leaving-someone-out:e2:1
# text = Identify the principal effect upon a pupil of laughter directed at his incorrect answers.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	directed	direct	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	acl	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
13	incorrect	incorrect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal effect |  |  |  | upon a pupil of laughter | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent effect=Theme |
| 2 | **direct** | participle |  | laughter *not said here* |  | pupil's incorrect answers |  |  | vn supervision-95.2.2-1 «NP V NP.theme PP.predicate»: agent=Agent at answer=Eventuality |
| 3 | **answer** |  | pupil |  |  |  |  |  | nom answer «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He ceases to make errors

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:347-leaving-someone-out:e2:o1:1
# text = He ceases to make errors
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	errors	error	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | He |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | errors |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset error=Product |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He becomes less willing to attempt answers

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:347-leaving-someone-out:e2:o2:1
# text = He becomes less willing to attempt answers
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	willing	willing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	attempt	attempt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	answers	answer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | He |  |  |  |  | willing *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **attempt** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | answers |  |  |  |  | vn try-61.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent answer=Eventuality |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It has no effect whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:347-leaving-someone-out:e2:o3:1
# text = It has no effect whatsoever
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	4	det	_	_
4	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | It | no effect |  |  |  | whatsoever *property* | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent effect=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He becomes more confident

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:347-leaving-someone-out:e2:o4:1
# text = He becomes more confident
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	becomes	become	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	4	advmod	_	_
4	confident	confident	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **become** | present | He |  |  |  |  | confident *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Leaving someone out, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/e1/)
- next →: [Leaving someone out, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/e3/)
- ↑ back to [Leaving someone out](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/347-leaving-someone-out/)