---
title: It is given that a pupil has discarded his lunch daily for three wee… — Wasting food and water · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a pupil has discarded his lunch daily for three weeks without detection. Select the conclusion consistent with sound reasoning. Exam question 3 of lesson 360 «Wasting food and water» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the ques
---

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# Exam question 3 · Wasting food and water

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a pupil has discarded his lunch daily for three weeks without detection. Select the conclusion consistent with sound reasoning.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** give, discard, select · **To what, where:** It, pupil, conclusion

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 360 «Wasting food and water» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a pupil has discarded his lunch daily for three weeks without detection.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:1
# text = It is given that a pupil has discarded his lunch daily for three weeks without detection.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	discarded	discard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	daily	daily	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	14	nummod	_	_
14	weeks	week	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
15	without	without	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	detection	detection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  | week | without detection | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **discard** | present · perfect · passive |  | a pupil |  |  |  | daily *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the conclusion consistent with sound reasoning.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:2
# text = Select the conclusion consistent with sound reasoning.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	reasoning	reasoning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the conclusion |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent conclusion=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The pupil incurs no consequence whatever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:o1:1
# text = The pupil incurs no consequence whatever
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	incurs	incur	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	whatever	whatever	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **incur** | present | the pupil | no consequence |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The practice is justified by its success, since no harm has been detected

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:o2:1
# text = The practice is justified by its success, since no harm has been detected
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	justified	justify	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	success	success	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
9	since	since	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
10	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	11	det	_	_
11	harm	harm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
12	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	detected	detect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **justify** *speech: other* | present · passive | practice's success | the practice |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Topic |
| 2 | **detect** | present · perfect · passive |  | no harm |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The waste ceases to exist if undetected

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:o3:1
# text = The waste ceases to exist if undetected
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	exist	exist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	undetected	undetect	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | the waste |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **exist** | to-infinitive | the waste *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **undetect** *a condition, not said to happen* | participle | the waste *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The absence of detection does not negate the waste or its effect on the pupil

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:360-sandwiches-taps-lights-paper-and-the-buffet:e3:o4:1
# text = The absence of detection does not negate the waste or its effect on the pupil
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	absence	absence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	detection	detection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	negate	negate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	waste	waste	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **negate** | present · do-support | the absence of detection | the waste or absence's effect |  |  |  | on the pupil | tree rules |
| 2 | **absent** |  |  | detection |  |  |  |  | nom absence «state transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **effect** |  | absence |  |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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