---
title: A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later. What… — Jake, always in bruises · tree and pragmatics
description: A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later. What is happening? Test 9 · ★ of lesson 372 «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 9 · ★ · Jake, always in bruises

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later. What is happening?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** bruise · **What happens:** start, be, happen · **To what, where:** purple

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 9 · ★ of lesson 372 «Jake, always in bruises» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/372-jake-always-in-bruises/#t9).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:1
# text = A bruise that started purple is now yellow-green a week later.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	purple	purple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
8	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	-	-	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	conj	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl:unmarked	_	_
13	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | a bruise | purple |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent purple=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | present | a bruise |  |  |  | now | late, yellow *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  | a bruise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What is happening?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:2
# text = What is happening?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	happening	happen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **happen** | present · progressive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a new bruise on top

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:o1:1
# text = It is a new bruise on top
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a new bruise |  | top |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The body is slowly clearing the bruise

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:o2:1
# text = The body is slowly clearing the bruise
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	clearing	clear	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear** | present · progressive | the body | the bruise |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent bruise=Source |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skin underneath has caught a nasty infection

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:o3:1
# text = The skin underneath has caught a nasty infection
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	underneath	underneath	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	caught	catch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	nasty	nasty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	infection	infection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **catch** | present · perfect · passive |  | the skin |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP.beneficiary NP»: subject=Beneficiary infection=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bruise is getting worse and spreading

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:372-jake-always-in-bruises:t9:o4:1
# text = The bruise is getting worse and spreading
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bruise	bruise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	worse	bad	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	xcomp	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	spreading	spread	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present · progressive | the bruise |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **spread** | gerund | the bruise *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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