---
title: Identify the principal action required where a person has struck the… — What fights cost: bruises, noses and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal action required where a person has struck their head upon the ground and subsequently become unusually quiet. Exam question 1 of lesson 374 «What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of 
---

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# Exam question 1 · What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal action required where a person has struck their head upon the ground and subsequently become unusually quiet.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, require, strike, become · **To what, where:** principal action, person

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 374 «What fights cost: bruises, noses and teeth» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal action required where a person has struck their head upon the ground and subsequently become unusually quiet.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	struck	strike	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	_
11	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	subsequently	subsequently	ADV	RB	_	18	advmod	_	_
18	become	become	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
19	unusually	unusually	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	quiet	quiet	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal action |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent action=Theme |
| 2 | **require** | participle |  | the principal action *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **strike** | present · perfect · passive |  | a person |  |  |  | upon the ground | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP ADJP»: subject=Patient head=Result |
| 4 | **become** | present | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | quiet, subsequently *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The emergency services ought to be summoned and an adult informed without delay

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth:e1:o1:1
# text = The emergency services ought to be summoned and an adult informed without delay
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	emergency	emergency	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	services	service	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	summoned	summon	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	informed	inform	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	_
12	without	without	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	delay	delay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **summon** | ought · passive |  | the emergency services |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **inform** *speech: other* | participle | a adult |  |  |  |  | without delay | vn tell-37.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person ought to be escorted home unaccompanied by another pupil in order to rest

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth:e1:o2:1
# text = The person ought to be escorted home unaccompanied by another pupil in order to rest
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	escorted	escort	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	home	home	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	unaccompanied	unaccompanied	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	11	det	_	_
11	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	in	in	SCONJ	IN	ExtPos=SCONJ	15	mark	_	_
13	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	fixed	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **escort** | ought · passive | another pupil | the person |  |  |  | unaccompanied *property* | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
| 2 | **rest** | to-infinitive | another pupil *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
No action is required unless bleeding is observed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth:e1:o3:1
# text = No action is required unless bleeding is observed
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	action	action	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	required	require	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	bleeding	bleeding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	observed	observe	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present · passive |  | no action |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Precondition |
| 2 | **observe** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | bleeding |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The person ought to be left to rest undisturbed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:374-what-fights-cost-bruises-noses-and-teeth:e1:o4:1
# text = The person ought to be left to rest undisturbed
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	rest	rest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
9	undisturbed	undisturbed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | ought · passive |  | the person |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **rest** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | undisturbed *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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