---
title: Determine the conduct most consistent with personal safety in respec… — Self-defence or just stupid? · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine the conduct most consistent with personal safety in respect of an unrestrained dog advancing upon a child. Exam question 3 of lesson 377 «Self-defence or just stupid?» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each optio
---

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# Exam question 3 · Self-defence or just stupid?

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the conduct most consistent with personal safety in respect of an unrestrained dog advancing upon a child.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, unrestrained dog · **What happens:** determine, advance, respect · **To what, where:** conduct, unrestrained dog

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 377 «Self-defence or just stupid?» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/377-self-defence-or-just-stupid/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:377-self-defence-or-just-stupid:e3:1
# text = Determine the conduct most consistent with personal safety in respect of an unrestrained dog advancing upon a child.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	personal	personal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	safety	safety	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	unrestrained	unrestrained	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	advancing	advance	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	acl	_	_
16	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the conduct |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent conduct=Topic |
| 2 | **advance** | gerund | a unrestrained dog *not said here* |  |  |  |  | upon a child | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **respect** |  |  | a unrestrained dog |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Waving the arms vigorously and shouting at the animal

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:377-self-defence-or-just-stupid:e3:o1:1
# text = Waving the arms vigorously and shouting at the animal
1	Waving	wave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	vigorously	vigorously	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	shouting	shout	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | gerund |  | the arms |  |  |  | vigorously *property* | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arm=Patient |
| 2 | **shout** *speech: express* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | at the animal | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fleeing at the greatest possible speed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:377-self-defence-or-just-stupid:e3:o2:1
# text = Fleeing at the greatest possible speed
1	Fleeing	flee	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	greatest	great	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
5	possible	possible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	speed	speed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flee** | gerund |  |  |  | the greatest possible speed |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remaining motionless with arms lowered and summoning the owner

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:377-self-defence-or-just-stupid:e3:o3:1
# text = Remaining motionless with arms lowered and summoning the owner
1	Remaining	remain	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	arms	arm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	lowered	lower	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	summoning	summon	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | motionless *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **lower** | participle |  | arms *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 3 | **summon** | gerund |  | the owner |  |  |  |  | vn urge-58.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent owner=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Advancing steadily towards the dog in order to intimidate it and drive it off

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:377-self-defence-or-just-stupid:e3:o4:1
# text = Advancing steadily towards the dog in order to intimidate it and drive it off
1	Advancing	advance	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	steadily	steadily	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	intimidate	intimidate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	drive	drive	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	conj	_	_
13	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	off	off	ADP	RP	_	12	compound:prt	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **advance** | gerund |  |  |  | order |  | towards the dog; steadily *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme towards dog=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **intimidate** | to-infinitive |  | order |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus it=Experiencer |
| 3 | **drive off** | infinitive |  | order |  |  |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme it=Trajectory |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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