---
title: It is given that a pupil declines to attend a planned altercation be… — Street gangs and loyalty · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a pupil declines to attend a planned altercation between two streets. Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning loyalty. Exam question 3 of lesson 383 «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and 
---

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# Exam question 3 · Street gangs and loyalty

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a pupil declines to attend a planned altercation between two streets. Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning loyalty.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** pupil, you, established facts · **What happens:** give, decline, not attend, plan, select, establish · **To what, where:** It, planned altercation, response, loyalty

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 383 «Street gangs and loyalty» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/383-street-gangs-and-loyalty/#e3).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a pupil declines to attend a planned altercation between two streets.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:1
# text = It is given that a pupil declines to attend a planned altercation between two streets.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	declines	decline	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	attend	attend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	planned	plan	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	amod	_	_
12	altercation	altercation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
13	between	between	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	streets	street	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **decline** | present | a pupil |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **attend** | to-infinitive | a pupil *not said here* | a planned altercation |  |  |  | between two streets | vn attend-107.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme altercation=Goal |
| 4 | **plan** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning loyalty.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:2
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning loyalty.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | loyalty |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus loyalty=Experiencer |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refusal is acceptable only if the pupil is injured

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:o1:1
# text = The refusal is acceptable only if the pupil is injured
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj:pass	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	injured	injure	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the refusal |  |  |  |  | acceptable *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **injure** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · passive |  | the pupil |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Loyalty requires participation in every altercation involving one's street

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:o2:1
# text = Loyalty requires participation in every altercation involving one's street
1	Loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	participation	participation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
6	altercation	altercation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	involving	involve	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
8	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	's	's	PART	POS	_	8	case	_	_
10	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Loyalty | participation |  | every altercation |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme participation=Precondition |
| 2 | **involve** | gerund | every altercation *not said here* | one's street |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent street=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refusal constitutes disloyalty to the pupil's street

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:o3:1
# text = The refusal constitutes disloyalty to the pupil's street
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	constitutes	constitute	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	's	's	PART	POS	_	7	case	_	_
9	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **constitute** | present | the refusal | disloyalty |  |  |  | to the pupil's street | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme disloyalty=Pivot |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The refusal is not betrayal, loyalty consisting in care and honesty towards persons

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:383-street-gangs-and-loyalty:e3:o4:1
# text = The refusal is not betrayal, loyalty consisting in care and honesty towards persons
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	betrayal	betrayal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	loyalty	loyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	consisting	consist	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	care	care	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	honesty	honesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	persons	person	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | the refusal | betrayal and loyalty |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **consist** | gerund | loyalty *not said here* |  |  | care and honesty |  | towards persons | tree rules |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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