---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Respect: how it is earned · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which respect is earned? Exam question 2 of lesson 385 «Respect: how it is earned» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice w
---

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# Exam question 2 · Respect: how it is earned

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which respect is earned?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 2 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** the · **What happens:** follow, characteris, mean, earn · **To what, where:** respect · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 385 «Respect: how it is earned» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/385-respect-how-it-is-earned/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:385-respect-how-it-is-earned:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the means by which respect is earned?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	nsubj	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	_
11	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	15	mark	_	_
12	which	which	DET	WDT	PronType=Int	13	det	_	_
13	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	earned	earn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present | the |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 4 | **earn** | present · passive |  | which respect |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the intimidation of younger pupils

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:385-respect-how-it-is-earned:e2:o1:1
# text = Through the intimidation of younger pupils
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	intimidation	intimidation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	6	amod	_	_
6	pupils	pupil	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **intimidate** |  |  | younger pupils |  |  |  |  | nom intimidation «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through effort, skill, honesty, kindness and courage

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:385-respect-how-it-is-earned:e2:o2:1
# text = Through effort, skill, honesty, kindness and courage
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	effort	effort	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
4	skill	skill	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	honesty	honesty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	kindness	kindness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the avoidance of all public activity

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:385-respect-how-it-is-earned:e2:o3:1
# text = Through the avoidance of all public activity
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	avoidance	avoidance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
6	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	activity	activity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avoid** |  |  | all public activity |  |  |  |  | nom avoidance «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Through the demonstration of physical dominance over others

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:385-respect-how-it-is-earned:e2:o4:1
# text = Through the demonstration of physical dominance over others
1	Through	through	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	demonstration	demonstration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	dominance	dominance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **demonstrate** |  |  | physical dominance over others |  |  |  |  | nom demonstration «act transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Respect: how it is earned, exam 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/385-respect-how-it-is-earned/e1/)
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