---
title: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning… — How to say stop · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the efficacy of a refusal voiced by several bystanders. Exam question 3 of lesson 388 «How to say stop» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

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# Exam question 3 · How to say stop

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the efficacy of a refusal voiced by several bystanders.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established facts · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, voice · **To what, where:** response, efficacy, refusal

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 388 «How to say stop» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e3:1
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts concerning the efficacy of a refusal voiced by several bystanders.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	efficacy	efficacy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	voiced	voice	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	acl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	bystanders	bystander	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  | consistent *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | the established facts *not said here* | the efficacy of a refusal |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus efficacy=Experiencer |
| 4 | **voice** *speech: other* | participle |  | a refusal *not said here* |  |  |  | by several bystanders | vn say-37.7-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bystanders ought to refrain from any involvement whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e3:o1:1
# text = Bystanders ought to refrain from any involvement whatsoever
1	Bystanders	bystander	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	refrain	refrain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	det	_	_
7	involvement	involvement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **refrain** | ought | Bystanders |  |  | any involvement |  | whatsoever *property* | vn refrain-69 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent from involvement=Eventuality |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A refusal repeated by companions is more likely to be heeded

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e3:o2:1
# text = A refusal repeated by companions is more likely to be heeded
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	repeated	repeat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	_
8	likely	likely	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
10	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	heeded	heed	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **repeat** | participle |  | a refusal *not said here* |  |  |  | by companions | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is** | present | a refusal |  |  |  |  | likely *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **heed** | to-infinitive · passive | a refusal *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP» |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A refusal is effective only when accompanied by force

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e3:o3:1
# text = A refusal is effective only when accompanied by force
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	effective	effective	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	only	only	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	accompanied	accompany	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	force	force	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a refusal |  |  |  |  | effective *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **accompany** | participle | a refusal *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by force | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by force=Destination |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A refusal is weakened by the participation of others

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e3:o4:1
# text = A refusal is weakened by the participation of others
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	weakened	weaken	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	participation	participation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weaken** | present · passive | the participation of others | a refusal |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |
| 2 | **participate** |  | others |  |  |  |  |  | nom participation «act intransitive»: of=agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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- ← previous: [How to say stop, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/e2/)
- next →: [How to say stop, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/e4/)
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