---
title: It is given that a pupil is incited by his companions to repeat an u… — How to say stop · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a pupil is incited by his companions to repeat an unkind act and declines. State the most accurate characterisation of his conduct. Exam question 4 of lesson 388 «How to say stop» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the questio
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/e4/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [How to say stop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/) / e4

# Exam question 4 · How to say stop

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a pupil is incited by his companions to repeat an unkind act and declines. State the most accurate characterisation of his conduct.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** companions, pupil · **What happens:** give, incite, repeat, characterise, conduct · **To what, where:** It, pupil, unkind act, conduct

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 388 «How to say stop» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a pupil is incited by his companions to repeat an unkind act and declines.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:1
# text = It is given that a pupil is incited by his companions to repeat an unkind act and declines.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	incited	incite	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	repeat	repeat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	unkind	unkind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	declines	decline	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **incite** | present · passive | pupil's companions | a pupil |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition subject=Patient |
| 3 | **repeat** | to-infinitive | pupil's companions *not said here* | a unkind act and declines |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* State the most accurate characterisation of his conduct.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:2
# text = State the most accurate characterisation of his conduct.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
3	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	4	advmod	_	_
4	accurate	accurate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	characterisation	characterisation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **characterise** |  |  | pupil's conduct |  |  |  |  | nom characterisation «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **conduct** |  | pupil |  |  |  |  |  | nom conduct «act transitive»: poss=agent |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An act of courage, since refusal before one's own companions is difficult

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:o1:1
# text = An act of courage, since refusal before one's own companions is difficult
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
6	since	since	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	refusal	refusal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
8	before	before	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	one	one	PRON	PRP	Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	's	's	PART	POS	_	9	case	_	_
11	own	own	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	cop	_	_
14	difficult	difficult	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a act of courage |  |  |  |  | difficult *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **act** |  | courage |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An act of timidity, indicating a want of spirit

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:o2:1
# text = An act of timidity, indicating a want of spirit
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	timidity	timidity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	indicating	indicate	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	acl	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	want	want	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	spirit	spirit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **indicate** | gerund | a act of timidity *not said here* | a want of spirit |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot want=Topic |
| 2 | **act** |  | timidity |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 3 | **want** |  |  | spirit |  |  |  |  | nom want «state transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An act of no significance whatsoever, the dare being trivial and harmless

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:o3:1
# text = An act of no significance whatsoever, the dare being trivial and harmless
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	significance	significance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	whatsoever	whatsoever	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dare	dare	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	cop	_	_
11	trivial	trivial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund | a act of no significance |  |  |  |  | trivial *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a act of no significance *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **act** |  | no significance |  |  |  |  |  | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An act of disloyalty towards his companions

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:388-how-to-say-stop:e4:o4:1
# text = An act of disloyalty towards his companions
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	disloyalty	disloyalty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	companions	companion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **act** |  | disloyalty |  |  |  |  | towards his companions | nom act «communication intransitive»: of=agent towards=obl |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [How to say stop, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/e3/)
- next →: [Boys who look at Maddie oddly, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/389-boys-who-look-at-maddie-oddly/t1/)
- ↑ back to [How to say stop](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/388-how-to-say-stop/)