---
title: It is given that a pupil frequently engages in boastful and hazardou… — Showing off · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a pupil frequently engages in boastful and hazardous displays in order to gain the regard of his peers. State the response most likely to diminish such conduct. Exam question 4 of lesson 390 «Showing off» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Showing off

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a pupil frequently engages in boastful and hazardous displays in order to gain the regard of his peers. State the response most likely to diminish such conduct.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** pupil, State · **What happens:** give, engage, gain, regard, diminish · **To what, where:** It, boastful displays, regard, peers, such conduct

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 390 «Showing off» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/390-showing-off/#e4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a pupil frequently engages in boastful and hazardous displays in order to gain the regard of his peers.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:1
# text = It is given that a pupil frequently engages in boastful and hazardous displays in order to gain the regard of his peers.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	frequently	frequently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	engages	engage	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	boastful	boastful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	displays	display	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	order	order	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	gain	gain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	regard	regard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
20	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	peers	peer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **engage** | present | a pupil |  |  |  |  | in boastful displays in order *goal*; frequently *property* | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP PP.goal»: agent=Agent in display=Goal |
| 3 | **gain** | to-infinitive | a pupil *not said here* | the regard of pupil's peers |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent regard=Theme |
| 4 | **regard** |  |  | pupil's peers |  |  |  |  | nom regard «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* State the response most likely to diminish such conduct.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:2
# text = State the response most likely to diminish such conduct.
1	State	state	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	likely	likely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	diminish	diminish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
8	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	conduct	conduct	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **diminish** | to-infinitive | State | such conduct |  |  |  | likely *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer conduct=Patient |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The public ridicule of the pupil's failures

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:o1:1
# text = The public ridicule of the pupil's failures
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	public	public	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	ridicule	ridicule	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	's	PART	POS	_	6	case	_	_
8	failures	failure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ridicule** |  |  | the pupil's failures |  |  |  |  | nom ridicule «communication transitive»: of=patient |
| 2 | **fail** |  | the pupil |  |  |  |  |  | nom failure «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The extension of friendly regard to the pupil as he is

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:o2:1
# text = The extension of friendly regard to the pupil as he is
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	extension	extension	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	regard	regard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pupil	pupil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nmod	_	_
11	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | present | the extension of friendly regard to the pupil as pupil |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The applause of each hazardous display

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:o3:1
# text = The applause of each hazardous display
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	applause	applause	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
5	hazardous	hazardous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	display	display	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The provision of dares of increasing difficulty

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:390-showing-off:e4:o4:1
# text = The provision of dares of increasing difficulty
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	provision	provision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	dares	dare	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	increasing	increase	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	amod	_	_
7	difficulty	difficulty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **provide** |  | dares of increasing difficulty |  |  |  |  |  | nom provision «communication intransitive»: of=agent |
| 3 | **dare** |  | increasing difficulty |  |  |  |  |  | nom dare «communication intransitive»: of=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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