---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and t… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the recording and dissemination of a fight by means of a mobile telephone? Exam question 2 of lesson 393 «Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree 
---

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# Exam question 2 · Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the recording and dissemination of a fight by means of a mobile telephone?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, mean, disseminate · **To what, where:** recording, fight

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 393 «Bystanders: the crowd, the phone and the ones who help» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/393-bystanders/#e2).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:393-bystanders:e2:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the recording and dissemination of a fight by means of a mobile telephone?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	recording	recording	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	dissemination	dissemination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
18	of	of	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	mobile	mobile	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	21	amod	_	_
21	telephone	telephone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the recording and dissemination of a fight |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of a mobile telephone | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **disseminate** |  |  | a fight |  |  |  |  | nom dissemination «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It may humiliate those involved and render the person recording liable to sanction

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:393-bystanders:e2:o1:1
# text = It may humiliate those involved and render the person recording liable to sanction
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	humiliate	humiliate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	those	that	PRON	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	obj	_	_
5	involved	involved	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	render	render	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	recording	record	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	liable	liable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	sanction	sanction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **humiliate** | may | It | those |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus that=Experiencer |
| 2 | **render** | infinitive |  | the person |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent person=Theme |
| 3 | **record** | gerund | the person *not said here* | liable sanction |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sanction=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It brings the fight to a swifter conclusion

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:393-bystanders:e2:o2:1
# text = It brings the fight to a swifter conclusion
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	brings	bring	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	fight	fight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	swifter	swifter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	conclusion	conclusion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bring** | present | It | the fight |  | a swifter conclusion |  |  | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent fight=Theme to conclusion=Destination |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a recommended method of reporting incidents to a member of staff

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:393-bystanders:e2:o3:1
# text = It is a recommended method of reporting incidents to a member of staff
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	recommended	recommend	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	reporting	report	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
8	incidents	incident	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	member	member	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	staff	staff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **recommend** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | It | a recommended method |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **report** | gerund | a recommended method *not said here* | incidents | a member of staff |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent incident=Topic to member=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a neutral act carrying no consequence for anyone

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:393-bystanders:e2:o4:1
# text = It is a neutral act carrying no consequence for anyone
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	neutral	neutral	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	_
7	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	8	det	_	_
8	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	anyone	anyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a neutral act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund | a neutral act *not said here* | no consequence |  |  |  | for anyone | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent consequence=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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