---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Thinking it through: the science behin… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the requirements of fire? Exam question 1 of lesson 40 «Thinking it through: the science behind home safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mo
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/e1/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [questions](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/) / [Everyday](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/) / [Thinking it through: the science behin…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/) / e1

# Exam question 1 · Thinking it through: the science behind home safety

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the requirements of fire?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, require · **To what, where:** requirements, fire

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 40 «Thinking it through: the science behind home safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:40-home-safety-reasoning:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the requirements of fire?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	requirements	requirement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the requirements of fire |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **require** |  |  | fire |  |  |  |  | nom requirement «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire requires heat, fuel and oxygen, the removal of any one of which extinguishes it

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:40-home-safety-reasoning:e1:o1:1
# text = Fire requires heat, fuel and oxygen, the removal of any one of which extinguishes it
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	removal	removal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	13	det	_	_
13	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	16	nsubj	_	_
16	extinguishes	extinguish	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	acl:relcl	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Fire | heat and fuel and oxygen |  |  |  | the removal of any one *obl* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heat=Precondition |
| 2 | **extinguish** | present | any one | Fire |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **remove** |  |  | any one |  |  |  |  | nom removal «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire requires oxygen alone and is able to burn without the presence of fuel

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:40-home-safety-reasoning:e1:o2:1
# text = Fire requires oxygen alone and is able to burn without the presence of fuel
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	oxygen	oxygen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	able	able	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	burn	burn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	without	without	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	presence	presence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Fire | oxygen |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme oxygen=Precondition |
| 2 | **is** | present | Fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | able *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **burn** | to-infinitive | Fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  | without the presence of fuel | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire requires heat alone and cannot be extinguished by any means whatsoever

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:40-home-safety-reasoning:e1:o3:1
# text = Fire requires heat alone and cannot be extinguished by any means whatsoever
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	heat	heat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
6	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
10	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
11	any	any	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	12	nsubj	_	_
12	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	ccomp	_	_
13	whatsoever	whatsoever	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	12	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Fire | heat |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme heat=Precondition |
| 2 | **not** **extinguish** | can · passive | Fire *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present | any | whatsoever |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent whatsoever=Topic |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fire requires only fuel and water

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:40-home-safety-reasoning:e1:o4:1
# text = Fire requires only fuel and water
1	Fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	only	only	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fuel	fuel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Fire | fuel and water |  |  |  |  | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme fuel=Precondition |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [Thinking it through: the science behin…, test 19](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/t19/)
- next →: [Thinking it through: the science behin…, exam 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/e2/)
- ↑ back to [Thinking it through: the science behind home safety](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/40-home-safety-reasoning/)