---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a re… — Gift cards and birthday money: making… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request, from an unknown party, for payment by means of gift card codes? Exam question 3 of lesson 415 «Gift cards and birthday money: making it last» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragm
---

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# Exam question 3 · Gift cards and birthday money: making it last

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request, from an unknown party, for payment by means of gift card codes?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, mean · **To what, where:** request, unknown party

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 415 «Gift cards and birthday money: making it last» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a request, from an unknown party, for payment by means of gift card codes?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	nmod	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	request	request	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	unknown	unknown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	party	party	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	for	for	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	payment	payment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
19	by	by	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
22	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	compound	_	_
23	card	card	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	codes	code	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a request |  | a unknown party and payment |  | accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of card codes | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is permissible where the sum is small

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e3:o1:1
# text = It is permissible where the sum is small
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	permissible	permissible	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	8	advmod	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | permissible *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present | the sum |  |  |  |  | small *property* | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is a lawful and customary method of claiming a prize

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e3:o2:1
# text = It is a lawful and customary method of claiming a prize
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
4	lawful	lawful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	customary	customary	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	method	method	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
9	claiming	claim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	prize	prize	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | It | a lawful customary method |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **claim** *speech: other* | gerund |  | a prize |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent prize=Topic |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is an established practice of banks

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e3:o3:1
# text = It is an established practice of banks
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	practice	practice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	banks	bank	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 2 | **is a** | present | It | a established practice |  |  |  | of banks | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is almost certainly fraudulent and ought to be refused

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e3:o4:1
# text = It is almost certainly fraudulent and ought to be refused
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	certainly	certainly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	fraudulent	fraudulent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
7	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
9	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	refused	refuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | certainly, fraudulent *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **refuse** | ought · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING» |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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