---
title: Select the response most consistent with established guidance concer… — Gift cards and birthday money: making… · tree and pragmatics
description: Select the response most consistent with established guidance concerning the deferral of a purchase until a reduction in price. Exam question 4 of lesson 415 «Gift cards and birthday money: making it last» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of th
---

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# Exam question 4 · Gift cards and birthday money: making it last

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Select the response most consistent with established guidance concerning the deferral of a purchase until a reduction in price.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, established guidance · **What happens:** select, establish, concern, defer · **To what, where:** response, deferral, purchase

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 4 of lesson 415 «Gift cards and birthday money: making it last» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e4:1
# text = Select the response most consistent with established guidance concerning the deferral of a purchase until a reduction in price.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	5	advmod	_	_
5	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	guidance	guidance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	concerning	concern	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	acl	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	deferral	deferral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
15	until	until	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	reduction	reduction	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |
| 3 | **concern** | gerund | established guidance *not said here* | the deferral of a purchase |  |  | until a reduction in price |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus deferral=Experiencer |
| 4 | **defer** |  |  | a purchase |  |  |  |  | nom deferral «state transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deferral may permit the same item to be acquired at a lower cost

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e4:o1:1
# text = Deferral may permit the same item to be acquired at a lower cost
1	Deferral	deferral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	permit	permit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	same	same	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
8	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	acquired	acquire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	lower	low	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	13	amod	_	_
13	cost	cost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **permit** | may | Deferral | the same item |  |  |  |  | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent item=Theme |
| 2 | **acquire** | to-infinitive · passive | Deferral *not said here* | the same item *not said here* |  | a lower cost |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2-1 «NP.asset V NP» |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deferral renders the purchase invalid

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e4:o2:1
# text = Deferral renders the purchase invalid
1	Deferral	deferral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	renders	render	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	purchase	purchase	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	invalid	invalid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **render** | present | Deferral | the purchase invalid |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent invalid=Theme |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deferral is prohibited in respect of games

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e4:o3:1
# text = Deferral is prohibited in respect of games
1	Deferral	deferral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	prohibited	prohibit	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	games	game	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **prohibit** | present · passive |  | Deferral |  | respect of games |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **respect** |  |  | games |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Deferral invariably increases the eventual cost

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:415-gift-cards-and-birthday-money:e4:o4:1
# text = Deferral invariably increases the eventual cost
1	Deferral	deferral	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	increases	increase	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	eventual	eventual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	cost	cost	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **increase** | present | Deferral | the eventual cost |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn caused\_calibratable\_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer cost=Patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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