---
title: Identify the principal reason for which causing a sibling to be puni… — «It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each o… · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal reason for which causing a sibling to be punished for an act he did not commit is regarded as a grave falsehood. Exam question 1 of lesson 432 ««It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each other» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics 
---

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# Exam question 1 · «It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each other

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal reason for which causing a sibling to be punished for an act he did not commit is regarded as a grave falsehood.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 1 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you, he, causing · **What happens:** identify, cause, punish, not commit, regard · **To what, where:** principal reason, sibling, act

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 432 ««It was HIM!»: siblings blaming each other» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal reason for which causing a sibling to be punished for an act he did not commit is regarded as a grave falsehood.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	reason	reason	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	obl	_	_
7	causing	cause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	21	csubj:pass	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sibling	sibling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	12	mark	_	_
11	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	advcl	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
17	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	19	advmod	_	_
19	commit	commit	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl:relcl	_	_
20	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	regarded	regard	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl:relcl	_	_
22	as	as	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	grave	grave	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal reason |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent reason=Theme |
| 2 | **cause** | gerund |  | a sibling |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition sibling=Patient |
| 3 | **punish** | to-infinitive · passive |  |  |  |  |  | for a act | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: for act=Theme |
| 4 | **not** **commit** | past · do-support | he | a act *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent act=Theme |
| 5 | **regard** | present · passive | causing |  |  |  |  | as a grave falsehood | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP PP.value»: as falsehood=Value |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The unjust punishment is borne by an innocent person

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other:e1:o1:1
# text = The unjust punishment is borne by an innocent person
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	unjust	unjust	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	punishment	punishment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	borne	bear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	innocent	innocent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bear** | present · passive | a innocent person | the unjust punishment |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is of no consequence within the family

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other:e1:o2:1
# text = It is of no consequence within the family
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	consequence	consequence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	within	within	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | of no consequence; within the family | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Siblings are entitled to lie to one another

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other:e1:o3:1
# text = Siblings are entitled to lie to one another
1	Siblings	sibling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	entitled	entitle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	lie	lie	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obl	_	_
8	another	another	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	7	fixed	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **entitle** | present · passive |  | Siblings |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lie** | to-infinitive |  |  | one |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It improves the subsequent behaviour of the sibling so punished

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:432-it-was-him-siblings-blaming-each-other:e1:o4:1
# text = It improves the subsequent behaviour of the sibling so punished
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	improves	improve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	subsequent	subsequent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	behaviour	behaviour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sibling	sibling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	punished	punish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | present | It | the subsequent behaviour of the sibling |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent behaviour=Patient |
| 2 | **punish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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