---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a fa… — Big kids, little kids and the truth at… · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a falsehood which causes a young child to fear eating fruit? Exam question 3 of lesson 433 «Big kids, little kids and the truth at home» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the que
---

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# Exam question 3 · Big kids, little kids and the truth at home

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a falsehood which causes a young child to fear eating fruit?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** falsehood · **What happens:** follow, characteris, cause, fear, eat · **To what, where:** falsehood, young child, fruit

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 3 of lesson 433 «Big kids, little kids and the truth at home» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises a falsehood which causes a young child to fear eating fruit?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	falsehood	falsehood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
12	causes	cause	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	acl:relcl	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
16	to	to	PART	TO	_	17	mark	_	_
17	fear	fear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	acl	_	_
18	eating	eat	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	xcomp	_	_
19	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | a falsehood |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cause** | present | a falsehood | a young child |  |  |  |  | vn engender-27.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Precondition child=Patient |
| 4 | **fear** | to-infinitive | a falsehood *not said here* | a young child *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **eat** | gerund | a falsehood *not said here* | fruit |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is true in respect of certain fruits

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home:e3:o1:1
# text = It is true in respect of certain fruits
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	fruits	fruit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  | respect of certain fruits |  | true *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **respect** |  |  | certain fruits |  |  |  |  | nom respect «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It ceases to be a jest, as it frightens the child

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home:e3:o2:1
# text = It ceases to be a jest, as it frightens the child
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ceases	cease	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	jest	jest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	frightens	frighten	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | present | It |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a jest |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **frighten** | present | jest | the child |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus child=Experiencer |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It improves the child's diet

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home:e3:o3:1
# text = It improves the child's diet
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	improves	improve	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	diet	diet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **improve** | present | It | the child's diet |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent diet=Patient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is harmless, being merely amusing to the elder child

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:433-big-kids-little-kids-and-the-truth-at-home:e3:o4:1
# text = It is harmless, being merely amusing to the elder child
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	harmless	harmless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	cop	_	_
6	merely	merely	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	amusing	amusing	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | harmless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | to the elder child; amusing, merely *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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