---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — The beach and the sea · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a rip current upon a swimmer? Exam question 1 of lesson 44 «The beach and the sea» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice 
---

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# Exam question 1 · The beach and the sea

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a rip current upon a swimmer?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 2 · wrong ✗ · **What happens:** follow, characteris, effect · **To what, where:** effect, rip current

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 1 of lesson 44 «The beach and the sea» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/44-the-beach-and-the-sea/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:44-the-beach-and-the-sea:e1:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the effect of a rip current upon a swimmer?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	effect	effect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	rip	rip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	current	current	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
15	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the effect of a rip current upon a swimmer |  |  |  | of the following statements; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **effect** |  |  | a rip current upon a swimmer |  |  |  |  | nom effect «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It pulls the swimmer directly to the sea bed and holds him there until the current weakens

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:44-the-beach-and-the-sea:e1:o1:1
# text = It pulls the swimmer directly to the sea bed and holds him there until the current weakens
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pulls	pull	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	directly	directly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
12	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	11	advmod	_	_
14	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	17	mark	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	current	current	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	weakens	weaken	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pull** | present | It | the swimmer |  | the sea bed |  | directly *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent swimmer=Theme to bed=Destination |
| 2 | **hold** | present |  | him *= he* |  | there |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **weaken** | present | the current |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

### Option 2 · ✓ the right answer {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It carries the swimmer away from the shore but does not pull him beneath the water

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:44-the-beach-and-the-sea:e1:o2:1
# text = It carries the swimmer away from the shore but does not pull him beneath the water
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
9	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
11	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	_
12	pull	pull	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry away** | present | It | the swimmer |  | the shore |  | away *property* | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent swimmer=Theme from shore=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **not** **pull** | present · do-support |  | him *= he* |  |  |  | beneath the water | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: agent=Agent he=Result |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It pushes the swimmer towards the shore

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:44-the-beach-and-the-sea:e1:o3:1
# text = It pushes the swimmer towards the shore
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pushes	push	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	towards	towards	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shore	shore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | present | It | the swimmer |  | the shore |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent swimmer=Theme towards shore=Trajectory |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It holds the swimmer motionless in one place

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:44-the-beach-and-the-sea:e1:o4:1
# text = It holds the swimmer motionless in one place
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	swimmer	swimmer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	motionless	motionless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | It | the swimmer |  | one place |  | motionless *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent swimmer=Theme in place=Location |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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