---
title: Determine which of the following constitutes the soundest approach t… — Politicians and promises, as the news… · tree and pragmatics
description: Determine which of the following constitutes the soundest approach to the assertion that all politicians are untruthful. Exam question 4 of lesson 442 «Politicians and promises, as the news reports them» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the 
---

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# Exam question 4 · Politicians and promises, as the news reports them

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine which of the following constitutes the soundest approach to the assertion that all politicians are untruthful.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 3 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** you, assertion · **What happens:** determine, follow, be

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This is exam question 4 of lesson 442 «Politicians and promises, as the news reports them» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them/#e4).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them:e4:1
# text = Determine which of the following constitutes the soundest approach to the assertion that all politicians are untruthful.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	following	follow	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	case	_	_
6	constitutes	constitute	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	soundest	sound	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	9	amod	_	_
9	approach	approach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	ccomp	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	assertion	assertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
14	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	15	det	_	_
15	politicians	politician	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
17	untruthful	untruthful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | of the soundest approach; to the assertion | tree rules |
| 4 | **is** | present | the assertion |  |  |  |  | untruthful *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Reliance upon the opinion expressed most loudly

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them:e4:o1:1
# text = Reliance upon the opinion expressed most loudly
1	Reliance	reliance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	upon	upon	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	opinion	opinion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	expressed	express	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	loudly	loudly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **express** | past | Reliance upon the opinion |  |  |  |  | loudly *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Rejection of all criticism of politicians

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them:e4:o2:1
# text = Rejection of all criticism of politicians
1	Rejection	rejection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	criticism	criticism	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	politicians	politician	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reject** |  |  | all criticism of politicians |  |  |  |  | nom rejection «act transitive»: of=patient |

### Option 3 · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Examination of what each individual said and did

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them:e4:o3:1
# text = Examination of what each individual said and did
1	Examination	examination	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	1	nmod	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	individual	individual	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	did	do	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | each individual |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **do** | past | each individual *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Acceptance of the assertion without reservation

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them:e4:o4:1
# text = Acceptance of the assertion without reservation
1	Acceptance	acceptance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	assertion	assertion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
5	without	without	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	reservation	reservation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **accept** |  |  | the assertion without reservation |  |  |  |  | nom acceptance «cognition transitive»: of=patient |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Politicians and promises, as the news…, exam 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them/e3/)
- next →: [Grown-ups' little lies: the ice-cream…, test 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/443-grown-ups-little-lies-the-ice-cream-van/t1/)
- ↑ back to [Politicians and promises, as the news reports them](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/442-politicians-and-promises-as-the-news-reports-them/)