---
title: «Mate, you owe me twenty bucks for that lesson.» No price was ever s… — The older kid's «trade» · tree and pragmatics
description: «Mate, you owe me twenty bucks for that lesson.» No price was ever said. What's true? Test 5 · ★ of lesson 445 «The older kid's «trade»» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Test 5 · ★ · The older kid's «trade»

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Mate, you owe me twenty bucks for that lesson.» No price was ever said. What's true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 3 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** owe, say, be · **To what, where:** twenty bucks, me, price · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 5 · ★ of lesson 445 «The older kid's «trade»» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/445-the-older-kids-trade/#t5).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Mate, you owe me twenty bucks for that lesson.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:1
# text = «Mate, you owe me twenty bucks for that lesson.»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Mate	mate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	vocative	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	twenty	twenty	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	bucks	buck	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	11	det	_	_
11	lesson	lesson	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** *in a quote* | present | you | twenty bucks | me |  |  | for that lesson; Mate *vocative* | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.goal NP»: agent=Agent i=Goal buck=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* No price was ever said.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:2
# text = No price was ever said.
1	No	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	price	price	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	5	advmod	_	_
5	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past · passive |  | no price |  |  | ever |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* What's true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:3
# text = What's true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You owe half of it

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:o1:1
# text = You owe half of it
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | present | You | half of half |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent half=Theme |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You must pay by Friday

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:o2:1
# text = You must pay by Friday
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Friday	Friday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | must | You |  |  |  | friday |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You don't owe it — tell a grown-up

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:o3:1
# text = You don't owe it — tell a grown-up
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	owe	owe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	_
6	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	grown	grown	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	up	up	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **owe** | present · do-support | You | it |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **tell** *speech: assert* | infinitive | You *not said here* | a grown up |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent up=Recipient |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You owe it because he's older and he says so

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:445-the-older-kids-trade:t5:o4:1
# text = You owe it because he's older and he says so
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	owe	owe	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	advcl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **owe** | present | You | it |  |  |  |  | vn future\_having-13.3 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  |  | old *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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