---
title: Noah, gutted: «I'm so stupid for lending it.» What's true? — Being lied to and how it feels · tree and pragmatics
description: Noah, gutted: «I'm so stupid for lending it.» What's true? Test 4 of lesson 452 «Being lied to and how it feels» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 4 · Being lied to and how it feels

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Noah, gutted: «I'm so stupid for lending it.» What's true?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 3 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** Noah, I · **What happens:** gut, be, lend · **To what, where:** it

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 4 of lesson 452 «Being lied to and how it feels» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels/#t4).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Noah, gutted: «I'm so stupid for lending it.»

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:1
# text = Noah, gutted: «I'm so stupid for lending it.»
1	Noah	Noah	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	gutted	gut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	parataxis	_	_
10	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
11	lending	lend	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	9	advcl	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **gut** | past | Noah |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  | stupid *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lend** *in a quote* | gerund | I *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What's true?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:2
# text = What's true?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	3	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | true *property* | tree rules |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He should never lend again, ever, because people always lie

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:o1:1
# text = He should never lend again, ever, because people always lie
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	never	never	ADV	RB	PronType=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	lend	lend	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	ever	ever	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	nsubj	_	_
11	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	12	advmod	_	_
12	lie	lie	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **lend** | should | He |  |  |  | again; ever |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lie** | present | people |  |  |  |  | always *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It was his fault for having cards

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:o2:1
# text = It was his fault for having cards
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	fault	fault	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	acl	_	_
7	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | It | his fault |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | gerund | his fault *not said here* | cards |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent card=Patient |

### Option 3 · ← Mova's choice {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yes, he is stupid for lending

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:o3:1
# text = Yes, he is stupid for lending
1	Yes	yes	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Pos	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lending	lending	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | he |  |  |  |  | for lending; stupid *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Trusting isn't stupid; the liar should feel ashamed

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels:t4:o4:1
# text = Trusting isn't stupid; the liar should feel ashamed
1	Trusting	trusting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	stupid	stupid	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	liar	liar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
8	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	feel	feel	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
10	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is** | present | Trusting |  |  |  |  | stupid *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **feel** | should | the liar |  |  |  |  | ashamed *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Being lied to and how it feels, test 3](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/452-being-lied-to-and-how-it-feels/t3/)
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