---
title: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the… — Lied to by someone you love · tree and pragmatics
description: Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between affection for a person and trust in that person's promises? Exam question 3 of lesson 453 «Lied to by someone you love» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of
---

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# Exam question 3 · Lied to by someone you love

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between affection for a person and trust in that person's promises?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** person · **What happens:** follow, characteris, promise · **To what, where:** relationship, promises

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This is exam question 3 of lesson 453 «Lied to by someone you love» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love/#e3).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love:e3:1
# text = Which of the following statements most accurately characterises the relationship between affection for a person and trust in that person's promises?
1	Which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	amod	_	_
5	statements	statement	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	accurately	accurately	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	characterises	characteris	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	between	between	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	affection	affection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
13	for	for	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
19	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	20	det	_	_
20	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	's	's	PART	POS	_	20	case	_	_
22	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **characteris** | present |  | the relationship |  | that person's promises |  | of the following statements; between affection; for a person and trust; accurately *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **promise** |  | that person |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Affection invariably requires complete trust

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love:e3:o1:1
# text = Affection invariably requires complete trust
1	Affection	affection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	requires	require	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **require** | present | Affection | complete trust |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn require-103-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme trust=Precondition |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Distrust invariably destroys affection

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love:e3:o2:1
# text = Distrust invariably destroys affection
1	Distrust	distrust	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	invariably	invariably	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	destroys	destroy	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	ccomp	_	_
4	affection	affection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **distrust** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **destroy** | present | you *not said here* | affection |  |  |  | invariably *property* | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent affection=Patient |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Neither affection nor trust can be felt for relatives

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love:e3:o3:1
# text = Neither affection nor trust can be felt for relatives
1	Neither	neither	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	2	det	_	_
2	affection	affection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	nor	nor	CCONJ	CC	Polarity=Neg	4	cc	_	_
4	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux:pass	_	_
7	felt	feel	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	relatives	relative	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | can · passive |  | neither affection nor trust |  |  |  | for relatives | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: subject=Location for relative=Theme |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Affection may coexist with a justified distrust of the person's promises

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:453-lied-to-by-someone-you-love:e3:o4:1
# text = Affection may coexist with a justified distrust of the person's promises
1	Affection	affection	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	coexist	coexist	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	justified	justified	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	distrust	distrust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	's	's	PART	POS	_	10	case	_	_
12	promises	promise	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **coexist** | may | Affection |  |  |  |  | with a justified distrust of the person's promises | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **distrust** |  |  | the person's promises |  |  |  |  | nom distrust «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
| 3 | **promise** |  | the person |  |  |  |  |  | nom promise «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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