---
title: Identify the principal meaning of forgiveness as defined by the teac… — Forgiving · tree and pragmatics
description: Identify the principal meaning of forgiveness as defined by the teacher. Exam question 1 of lesson 454 «Forgiving» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was right.
---

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# Exam question 1 · Forgiving

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Identify the principal meaning of forgiveness as defined by the teacher.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 4 · **The right answer:** option 4 · right ✓ · **Who acts:** you · **What happens:** identify, define, mean · **To what, where:** principal meaning, forgiveness

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This is exam question 1 of lesson 454 «Forgiving» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/454-forgiving/#e1).

## The question {#question}

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e1:1
# text = Identify the principal meaning of forgiveness as defined by the teacher.
1	Identify	identify	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	principal	principal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	meaning	meaning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	defined	define	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **identify** | imperative | you *not said here* | the principal meaning of forgiveness |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent meaning=Theme |
| 2 | **define** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the teacher | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **mean** |  |  | forgiveness |  |  |  |  | nom meaning «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The declaration that the wrong was in fact acceptable

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e1:o1:1
# text = The declaration that the wrong was in fact acceptable
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	declaration	declaration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	5	mark	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	acl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	fact	fact	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	acceptable	acceptable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the declaration |  |  | fact |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The restoration of complete trust forthwith

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e1:o2:1
# text = The restoration of complete trust forthwith
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	restoration	restoration	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	complete	complete	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	trust	trust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	forthwith	forthwith	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The obligation to forget the wrong entirely

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e1:o3:1
# text = The obligation to forget the wrong entirely
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	obligation	obligation	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	obj	_	_
7	entirely	entirely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **forget** | to-infinitive |  | the wrong |  |  |  | entirely *property* | tree rules |

### Option 4 · ← Mova's choice · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The decision to cease punishing a person for a wrong

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e1:o4:1
# text = The decision to cease punishing a person for a wrong
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	decision	decision	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	cease	cease	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	acl	_	_
5	punishing	punish	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	wrong	wrong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cease** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **punish** | gerund |  | a person |  |  |  | for a wrong | vn prosecute-33.2-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent person=Patient for wrong=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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