---
title: It is given that a borrower who falsely claimed repayment has apolog… — Forgiving · tree and pragmatics
description: It is given that a borrower who falsely claimed repayment has apologised and been forgiven. Select the response consistent with the established facts. Exam question 2 of lesson 454 «Forgiving» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question an
---

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# Exam question 2 · Forgiving

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is given that a borrower who falsely claimed repayment has apologised and been forgiven. Select the response consistent with the established facts.

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 1 · **The right answer:** option 4 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** borrower, you · **What happens:** give, claim, apologise, forgive, select, establish · **To what, where:** It, repayment, borrower, response

<!-- .vabout -->
This is exam question 2 of lesson 454 «Forgiving» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, asked in stiff, formal language. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/454-forgiving/#e2).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* It is given that a borrower who falsely claimed repayment has apologised and been forgiven.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:1
# text = It is given that a borrower who falsely claimed repayment has apologised and been forgiven.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
8	falsely	falsely	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	claimed	claim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
10	repayment	repayment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	has	have	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	apologised	apologise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	advcl	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	forgiven	forgive	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present · passive |  | It |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **claim** *speech: other* | past | a borrower | repayment |  |  |  | falsely *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent repayment=Topic |
| 3 | **apologise** *speech: apologize* | present · perfect · passive |  | a borrower |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **forgive** | participle · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Select the response consistent with the established facts.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:2
# text = Select the response consistent with the established facts.
1	Select	select	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	response	response	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	consistent	consistent	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	established	establish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	facts	fact	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **select** | imperative | you *not said here* | the response |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent response=Theme |
| 2 | **establish** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn indicate-78-1-1 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Pivot |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ← Mova's choice {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The debt is extinguished by the forgiveness

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:o1:1
# text = The debt is extinguished by the forgiveness
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	debt	debt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	extinguished	extinguish	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	forgiveness	forgiveness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **extinguish** | present · passive | the forgiveness | the debt |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent subject=Patient |

### Option 2 {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lender must apologise in turn

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:o2:1
# text = The lender must apologise in turn
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lender	lender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	apologise	apologise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	turn	turn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **apologise** *speech: apologize* | must | the lender |  |  | turn |  |  | tree rules |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The borrower is entitled to borrow further

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:o3:1
# text = The borrower is entitled to borrow further
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	borrower	borrower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	entitled	entitle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	borrow	borrow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	further	far	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	6	advmod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **entitle** | present · passive |  | the borrower |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **borrow** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | far *property* | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

### Option 4 · ✓ the right answer {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sum borrowed remains properly repayable

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:454-forgiving:e2:o4:1
# text = The sum borrowed remains properly repayable
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sum	sum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	borrowed	borrow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	remains	remains	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	2	appos	_	_
5	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	repayable	repayable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **borrow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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