---
title: A boy in Brisbane says he does not need a hat because the day is clo… — Sun safety · tree and pragmatics
description: A boy in Brisbane says he does not need a hat because the day is cloudy and cool. What would you tell him? Test 1 of lesson 46 «Sun safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school, with the dependency tree and pragmatics of the question and of each option; Mova's choice was wrong.
---

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# Test 1 · Sun safety

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A boy in Brisbane says he does not need a hat because the day is cloudy and cool. What would you tell him?

<!-- .vintro -->
**Mova's choice:** option 2 · **The right answer:** option 1 · wrong ✗ · **Who acts:** boy, day, you · **What happens:** say, not need, be, tell · **To what, where:** hat, boy · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
This is test 1 of lesson 46 «Sun safety» of the everyday course of Mova's primary school. The page gives the question's syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause, then the 4 options as the student saw them, each with its tree and pragmatics. Every text is parsed by Mova itself. How the student answered it, with the score of every option and why: [the test at school](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/school-run/everyday/46-sun-safety/#t1).

## The question {#question}

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* A boy in Brisbane says he does not need a hat because the day is cloudy and cool.

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:1
# text = A boy in Brisbane says he does not need a hat because the day is cloudy and cool.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Brisbane	Brisbane	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	need	need	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	ccomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
12	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
15	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
16	cloudy	cloudy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	advcl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	cool	cool	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | a boy in Brisbane |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **not** **need** | present · do-support | boy | a hat |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme |
| 3 | **is** | present | the day |  |  |  |  | cloudy *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **be** |  | the day *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* What would you tell him?

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:2
# text = What would you tell him?
1	What	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	4	obj	_	_
2	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	tell	tell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	iobj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | would | you |  | boy |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient what=Topic |

## The options {#options}

### Option 1 · ✓ the right answer {#o1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
UV gets through clouds and burns without feeling hot

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:o1:1
# text = UV gets through clouds and burns without feeling hot
1	UV	ultra-violet	NOUN	NN	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gets	get	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	burns	burn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	_
7	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	feeling	feel	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
9	hot	hot	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	xcomp	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | present | UV |  |  | clouds and burns |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme through cloud=Destination |
| 2 | **feel** | gerund | UV *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hot *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

### Option 2 · ← Mova's choice {#o2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He only needs a hat at sunset

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:o2:1
# text = He only needs a hat at sunset
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sunset	sunset	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | He | a hat |  |  | sunset |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme |

### Option 3 {#o3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He is right, clouds block all the sunburn on a cool day

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:o3:1
# text = He is right, clouds block all the sunburn on a cool day
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	right	right	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	block	block	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	9	det:predet	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sunburn	sunburn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	cool	cool	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | He |  |  |  |  | right *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **block** | present | clouds | all sunburn |  |  | day |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer sunburn=Theme |

### Option 4 {#o4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He only needs a hat if he is swimming

```conllu
# sent_id = question:everyday:46-sun-safety:t1:o4:1
# text = He only needs a hat if he is swimming
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	only	only	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	needs	need	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	swimming	swim	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | He | a hat |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot hat=Theme |
| 2 | **swim** *a condition, not said to happen* | present · progressive | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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**Text:** the tests of Mova's primary school, written for Mova (`world/data/school/`), as the course runner gave them to the student. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each text read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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- ← previous: [Pools, lakes and ice, exam 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/45-pools-lakes-and-ice/e4/)
- next →: [Sun safety, test 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/46-sun-safety/t2/)
- ↑ back to [Sun safety](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/questions/everyday/46-sun-safety/)